The Effect of Human Relationship on the Experimentally Evoked Pain Threshold

1.本研究证实病人-护士关系量表(Fukai&Sugita，1994)是一种可靠有效的工具，不仅能准确地评估病人与护士之间的关系，而且还能准确地评估其他人际关系。当研究人员和受试者之间关系融洽时，冷刺激皮肤时产生的痛阈值更高。这表明，冷刺激时的疼痛耐受阈值受到人际关系的影响。冷刺激应激镇痛时，血清ACTH、β-内啡肽、肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素暂时升高。当调查者和受试者之间关系融洽时，这种倾向更加明显。电刺激时，男性的疼痛耐受阈值高于女性。在两组女性中，知道调查人员的人和不知道调查人员的人在门槛上没有显著差异。局部出汗量和心率的反应表明，护理过程中人与人的互动越多，自主神经反应越大。这些反应还表明，当护理由异性或陌生人进行护理时，患者会更加紧张。同样，当病人和护士是异性或相互认识时，护理更有效。作者计划利用实验诱发的疼痛来研究有慢性疼痛和无慢性疼痛的患者的痛阈值的差异和止痛护理的效果。调查还将包括性别和人际关系的差异。

1. This study confirmed that the Client-Nurse Relationship Scale (Fukai & Sugita, 1994) is a reliable and valid tool that accurately assesses relationships between not only patient and nurse but also other human relationships.2. The pain threshold induced during cold stimulation of the skin was higher when there was rapport between the investigator and the subject. This indicated that the pain tolerance threshold during cold stimulation is affected by human relationships. ACTH,beta-endorphin, Adrenaline and Noradrenaline in the blood serum temporarily increased during the stress induced analgesia by cold stimulation. This tendency was more pronounced when there was rapport between the investigator and the subject.3. The pain tolerance threshold was higher in males than females during electrical stimulation. There was no significant difference in the threshold between the two female groups, those who knew and those who did not know the investigators. The responses in local sweat volume and heart rate indicated that the greater the human interaction during nursing care, the greater the autonomic nervous reaction. These responses also suggested that patients were more nervous when care was administered by nurses of the opposite sex or strangers. Likewise, care was more effective when patient and nurse were the opposite sex or were acquainted with each other.4. The authors plan to study the differences of pain thresholds and the effects of analgesic nursing care in persons with and without chronic pain using experimentally induced pain. The investigation also will include differences between sexes and human relationships.