An experimental study on the presence or absence of orientation-free representations in form recognition.

视觉图像的心理旋转可能伴随着对不同方向显示的两个图形是否彼此相同的判断，也可能不伴随。Takano(1989)发展了信息类型理论，该理论认为当两个人物是彼此的镜像时，需要心理旋转或一些替代策略来应对方位差异。后来，Cohen&Kubovy(1993)报告说，当要求对镜像进行辨别并施加压力以缩短反应时间时，不会发生心理旋转。在目前的研究中，他们遵循了他们的程序，看看他们的结果是否可复制。无论是否存在RT压力，心理旋转都不会发生。因此，他们的结果没有被复制。对参与者报告的分析表明，他们中的一些人使用了替代策略(见Takano，1987)，而不是心理轮换，并且他们中的一些人在不同的方向上形成了与最初呈现图形的方向不同的心理表征。

Mental rotation of a visual image may or may not accompany judgment as to whether two figures shown in different orientations are identical to each other or not. Takano (1989) developed the information type theory, which claims that mental rotation or some alternative strategies to cope with orientation difference are needed when the two figures are mirror images of each other. Later, Cohen & Kubovy (1993) reported that mental rotation did not occur when mirror image discrimination was required together with pressure to curtail reaction time. In the present study, their procedures were followed to see if their results are replicable. Mental rotation did not occur regardless of the presence or absence of RT pressure. Thus, their results were not replicated. Analyses of the participants' reports suggested that some of them employed alternative strategies (see Takano, 1987) instead of mental rotation and that some of them formed mental representation in different orientations other than the one in which the figure was originally presented.