A Constitutional Study of Foundation and Growth of the Swiss Confederation

本研究的目的是试图对中世纪晚期瑞士联邦的建立和发展进行宪制研究。在13世纪，乌里、施维茨和下瓦尔登的统治家族更新了他们的联盟，以保持公共和平。这是瑞士联邦的基础。根据威廉·泰尔的传说，这个联盟于1291年在卢塞恩湖畔的鲁特利草地上成立。1332年至1353年，卢塞恩、苏黎世、格拉鲁斯、楚格和伯尔尼与森林州结成联盟。这是一个由8个行政区组成的综合体。在帝国的直接保护下，八个州在政治上得到了发展。这些州一个接一个地从他们的霸主，首先是哈布斯堡王朝手中赢得独立，并主张他们的领土主权，这些领土主权广泛控制着他们的土地。在15世纪，他们开始获得臣民和联合领土，并通过军事手段扩大他们的边界。1481年至1513年间，弗里堡、索洛图恩、巴塞尔、沙夫豪森和阿彭策尔进入了8个州。16世纪早期的瑞士被称为13个旧州。在此基础上，她在旧邦联内部发展了密切的军事和经济联系。因此，我试图从城乡关系的角度来理解瑞士联邦的建立和发展。

The object of this research is to attempt a constitutional study of foundation and growth of Swiss Confederation in the late middle ages. In the thirteenth century the ruling families of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden renewed their Confederation to keep the public peace. This is foundation of the Swiss Confederation. According to the Legend of Wilhelm Tell, this Confederation was founded in 1291 on Rutli Meadow by the shore of Lake Lucerne. In 1332-1353 Lucerne, Zurich, Glarus, Zug and Berne entered into a League with the Forest Cantons. This is a complex of 8 Cantons. Under direct imperial protection 8 Cantons developed politically. One after another these Cantons magnated to win independence from their overlord, above all the Habsburgs and to assert their territorial sovereignty which controlled widely their land. In fifteenth century they began to acquire Subject and Joint Territories and also expanded their borders by military means. Between 1481 and 1513 Fribourg, Solothurn, Basel, Schaffhausen and Appenzell entered into 8 Cantons. Switzerland of the early sixteenth century is called as the 13 Old Cantons. On this Basis she developed close military and economic links within the old Confederation.Thus, I hereafter attempt to comprehend foundation and growth of the Swiss Confederation from the relation between Town and Country.