Concluding Studies of Crustacean Biogeography in the Pacific

众所周知，日本的沿岸的甲壳动物区系与澳大利亚和新西兰的有相当多的共同点，尽管它们之间的地理距离很远。这表明这些动物群在地质历史上可能有来自特提斯海的共同祖先.该项目的目的是详细了解这些地区的甲壳动物群在遗传学上是如何相关的，以及藻类植物群的某些方面是如何相关的。由于微型底栖动物数据的积累需要很长时间，本报告是基于目前所获得的有限数据.介形类：样品是从澳大利亚和新西兰整个海岸沿着的307个地点的海草和藻类中收集的。对介形类组合的聚类分析表明，地理省的划分主要取决于当地的气候条件.蔓足类：根据潮间带藤壶mtDNA的遗传相似性，对日本产的18种藤壶和澳大利亚产的4种藤壶进行了遗传相似性分析.十足目（虾）：利用浮游生物网采集了大量与海草共生的斑节对虾，并对其进行了分类学研究，发现物种多样性随纬度的升高而降低.十足目（螃蟹）：对红树林沼泽中的沙蟹类进行了分类和地理分布研究。视频观察行为特征，包括波动模式，是有用的物种形成过程和物种水平的进化的综合研究。5.藻类：主要研究微咸水藻类的种下分化过程。其中顶果属和柄果属的种类与日本的一些特有种关系密切，具有特殊的意义。

It is known that the littoral crustacean fauna of Japan has considerablenumber of elements in common with those of Australia and New Zealand, despite the geographical distance between them. This suggests that the faunas may have commonancestors from the Tethyan Seain the geologicpast. The aim of this project is to understand in detail how the crustacean faunas from these regions are related phylogenetically, and also how certain aspects of algal floras are related. As it takes much time to accumulate microfaunal data, this reports is basedon the limited dataobtained so far.1. Ostracoda : Samples were collected from sea grass and algae at 307 localities along the entire coastof Australia and New Zealand. Cluster analyzes of the ostracodeassemblages revealed that the boundaries of biogeographic provinces are primarily dependent upon local climatic conditions.2. Cirripedia : Based on the mtDNA of barnacles living in the intertidal zone, the genetic similarities among8 species from Japan and 4 species from Australia were determined.3. Decapoda (shrimps) : Macura shrimps associated with seagrass were collected from a large number of localities using a plankton net while skin diving toinvestigate the biogeography of the taxon. It becameclear that the species diversity decreaseswith higher latitude.4. Decapoda (crabs) : Ecological characteristics of species of Ocypodidaeliving in mangrove swamps were studied with respect to taxonomy and geographical distribution. Video-observation of behavioral characteristics, including waving pattern, are useful for integrated investigation of speciation processes and species-level phylogeny. The mtDNA of some species is being analyzed.5.Algae : The main interest lies on the infraspecies diversification process of algaeliving in brackish water. Species of Acrocarpia and And Caulocyctis are of special interest, for they are closely related to some endemic species of Japan.