Impact of rice field development in disease vectors in Indonesia

根据以下假设，对印度尼西亚稻田病媒发展的影响进行了调查。假设1：在生态系统不成熟的稻田开发项目早期阶段，病媒爆发的可能性增加。假设2：稻田开发提高了生活水平，从而减少了被病媒叮咬的可能性。研究工作包括：（1）在北苏拉威西和塞拉姆的稻田开发项目区进行持续研究;（2）对处于稻田开发不同阶段的村庄进行比较研究。主要结果是傻瓜。为了更清楚了解稻田开发的影响，本研究也包括原住民村落的病媒研究。（1）许多地面水塘是在因开发稻田而砍伐森林而产生的开阔地上产生的，但通过捕食性昆虫的定殖防止了蚊子的爆发。（2）新建造的稻田被昆虫捕食者占据，防止蚊子外出 ...更多信息 休息.在一些没有天敌的稻田，按蚊暴发。（3）原住民村庄没有在房屋周围放置蚊子滋生的容器。新的轮回村有一些集装箱，老的轮回村有更多的集装箱。在新的轮回村庄，蚊子的重要栖息地是废水的死水沟和人类排泄物的水池。（4）厕蝇区系以天然林和原住民村落最丰富。在新的轮回村与原始的厕所，旧的轮回村，和城市地区，只有少数引进的物种的厕所蝇发生在高密度。（5）家蝇在天然林中没有发现，其密度随人类定居后的年代而增加。（6）迁徒村的败血症蝇包括随着家畜的引入而引入的物种。（7）由于传统生活方式的维持，水浇地村和雨浇地村蚊虫孳生地的种类和数量基本相同，推测部分成立，但也有出乎意料的发现。对稻田发育的各个阶段进行持续研究是必要的。少

Impact of rice field development of disease vectors in Indonesia was investigated with the following hypotheses. Hyposesis 1 : there is an increased probability of vector outbreaks in early phases of rice field development projects when ecosystems are inmmature. Hyposesis 2 : rice field development improves standards of life, thus reduce the probability of being bitten by vectors. Research consists of (1) continual study at rice field development project areas in North Sulawesi and Seram, and (2) comparative study of villages at various stages of rice field development. Main results are as foolows. To understand impact of rice field development more clearly, study of disease vectors in aboriginal villages were included.(1)Many ground pools are produced on open lands produced by deforestation for rice field development, but mosquito outbreaks are prevented by colonization of predacious insects. (2)Newly constructed rice fields are occupied by insect predatoers which prevent mosquito out … More breaks. In some rice fields without predators, anopheline outbreaks were observed. (3)Aboriginal villages have no containers for mosquito-breeding around houses. New transmigration villages have a few containers and older transmigration villages have more containers. Important mosquito habitats in new transmigration villages were stagnant ditches for waste water and pools keeping human excreta. (4)Fauna of latrine flies are richest in the natural forest and aboriginal villages. In new transmigration villages with primitive lavatories, old transmigration villages, and urban areas, only a few introduced species of latrine flies occur at high densities. (5)The house fly is not found in natural forests and its densities increase with years after human settlement. (6)Sepsid flies in transmigration villages consist of species introduced with introduction of domestic animals. (7)Type and abundance of mosquito-breeding habitats in villages with irrigated rice fields are essentially the same as those of villages with rain-fed rice fields, because of the meintenance of traditional living style.The hyposeses were partly justified, but there were also unexpected findings. Continual stude for the all stages of rice field development is necessary. Less