Prediction of impact of global warming on geographical distributions of disease vector mosquitoes

全球变暖对病媒蚊地理分布影响的预测

• 批准号: 08670279
• 负责人: MOGI Motoyoshi
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: Saga Medical School
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08670279/
• 关键词: global warming; mosquito; Aedes; egg; cold resistance; development threshold; drought resistance; distribution

Relation between temparature and immature develpment was analyzed for 32 mosquito species (13 Aedes, 7 Culex, 7 Anopheles, 1 Culiseta, 2 Toxorhynchites, 2 Psorophora) based on literat ure data. (1) Developmental thresholds of Aedes and Culiseta species of the subarctic zone are c a.5ﾟC or lower and destinctly lower than temperate, subtropical and tropical species. (2) Devel opmental thresholds of temperate, subtropical and tropical species are ca. 10ﾟC or higher. Species of warmer regions do not necessarily have higher developmental thresholes. (3) Intra-specific variations for developmental thersholds are not recognized.(4) There are a few old data for tropical and subtropical species. This lack must be fulfillled, because those species are most dangerous from the view point of global warming.Laboratory experiments for cold-and drought-resistance of non-diapause eggs were performed for 7 species (14 starins) of Aedes (stegomyia) species. Species included are ; Aedes paullusi (distribu … More tion tropcal), Aedes scutelaris (torpical), Aedes aegypti (tropical-subtropical), Aedes albopictus (tropical-warm temperate), Aedes riversi (subtropical-warm temparate), Aedes flavopictus (subtropical-cold temparate), Aedes galloisi (cold temparate). (1) Aedes paullusi and Aedes scutellaris can survive for a few days under sub-zero temparatures if humidities are high. (2) Aedes aegypti can survive at least for several days under sub-zero temparatures. This speoies has high drought-resistance. (3) Aedes albopictus show intra-specific variation in cold-resistance. Starins from temperate regions can survive at least for 20 days under sub-zero temparatures. This species has drought-resistance ability next to Aedea aegypti. (4) Both subtro pical and temperate strains of Aedes riversi and Aedes flavopictus has cold-resistance ability comparable to temparate stains of Aedes albopictus. These species are less resistant to drouget. (5) Aedes galloisi is most resistant to coldness, being capable of suvival for more than 2 months under sub-zero temparatures. This species is least resistant to drought. (6) Capability of eggs to survive under sub-zero temperatures is an improtant attribute determining geographica 1 distribustions but real distributions may be narrower than expected from cold resistace ability due to factors other than cold resistance.The results will be used for prediction of impact of global warming on geographical distribution of mosquitoes. Less

根据文献资料，分析了32种蚊虫(伊蚊13种、库蚊7种、按蚊7种、库蚊目1种、弓形虫2种、补体亚目2种)幼虫发育与温度的关系。(1)亚北极地区伊蚊和库蚊种的发育阈值为cA.5ﾟC或更低，且明显低于温带、亚热带和热带物种。(2)温带、亚热带和热带物种的发育阈值约为10ﾟC或更高。温暖地区的物种不一定有更高的发育门槛。(3)发育热灌丛的种内变异不明显。(4)有少数热带和亚热带物种的古老资料。必须弥补这一不足，因为从全球变暖的角度来看，这些物种是最危险的。对7种(14只星)伊蚊(Stegmyia)进行了非滞育卵的抗寒和抗旱实验。包括的种类有：巴氏伊蚊(Didibu…热带伊蚊(热带)、斑纹伊蚊(热带)、埃及伊蚊(热带-亚热带)、白纹伊蚊(热带-暖温带)、河伊蚊(亚热带-暖温带)、黄纹伊蚊(亚热带-冷温带)、高丽伊蚊(冷温带)。(1)在高湿度条件下，白纹伊蚊和盾纹伊蚊能在零下温度下存活数天。(2)埃及伊蚊在零下温度下至少能存活数天。这种植物具有很强的抗旱性。(3)白纹伊蚊的抗寒性存在种内差异。来自温带地区的海星可以在零下的温度下至少存活20天。本种具有仅次于埃及伊蚊的抗旱能力。(4)河伊蚊和黄纹伊蚊亚温带株均具有与白纹伊蚊温带株相当的抗寒能力。这些物种对干旱的抵抗力较弱。(5)高氏伊蚊抗寒能力最强，能在零下温度下存活2个月以上。本种对干旱的抵抗力最差。(6)卵在低温下存活的能力是决定蚊虫地理分布的重要属性，但由于抗寒能力以外的因素，实际分布可能比预期的窄，这一结果将用于预测全球变暖对蚊子地理分布的影响。较少

项目成果

茂木 幹義: "Overwintering strategies of mosguitoes(D:ptera:Culicidae)on warmer islands may predict impact of global warming on Kyushu,Japan" Journal of Medical Entomology. 33. 438-444 (1966)

Mikiyoshi Mogi：“蚊子（D：ptera：蚊科）在温暖岛屿上的越冬策略可以预测全球变暖对日本九州的影响”医学昆虫学杂志 33. 438-444（1966）。

茂木 幹義・岡沢 孝雄: "Development of Anopheles sinensis immatures(D:ptera:Culicidae)in the field:effects of temperature and nutrition" Medical Entomology and Zoology. 47. 355-362 (1996)

Mikiyoshi Mogi 和 Takao Okazawa：“中华按蚊幼虫（D:ptera:Culicidae）在田间的发育：温度和营养的影响”《医学昆虫学和动物学》47. 355-362 (1996)。

沢辺 京子・茂木 幹義: "Energy metabolism and desiccation resistunce in Aedes(stezenyia)spp.(D:ptera:Culicidae)of South Sulawesi,Indonesia" Journal of Medical Entomology. 35. (1998)

Kyoko Sawabe 和 Mikiyoshi Mogi：“印度尼西亚南苏拉威西伊蚊 (stezenyia)spp.(D:ptera:Culicidae) 的能量代谢和干燥抵抗力”医学昆虫学杂志 35。（1998）。

砂原 俊彦・茂木 幹義: "Drought and overwintering success of Tripteroides bambusa(D:ptera:Culicidae)larvae and eggs in a bamboo grove" Medical Entomology and Zoology. 48. 295-302 (1997)

Toshihiko Sunahara 和 Mikiyoshi Mogi：“竹林中雷公藤 (D:ptera:Culicidae) 幼虫和卵的干旱和越冬成功”医学昆虫学和动物学 48. 295-302 (1997)。

茂木幹夫: "Overwidering strotegies of mosquitoes(Diptera:Culicidao)on warmer islands may predict impact of global warming on kyushu,Japan" Journal of Medical Entomology. 33・3. 438-444 (1996)

Mikio Mogi：“温暖岛屿上的蚊子（双翅目：Culicidao）的广泛策略可以预测全球变暖对日本九州的影响”医学昆虫学杂志 33・3（1996）。