THE ROLE OF TREHALOSE IN INSECT REPRODUCTION AND THE APPLICATION OF TREHALASE INHIBITOR FOR PEST MANAGEMENT.

注射一种特异而有效的海藻糖酶抑制剂，validoxylamineA(VAA)，可抑制美洲大蠊和烟褐色蟑螂的卵母细胞发育。同样的处理也会影响卵囊的形成。然而，VAA对德国小蠊生殖的抑制作用不是很强。注射VAA对美洲大蠊卵巢、脂肪体和附腺的海藻糖酶有强烈的抑制作用。对照蟑螂卵巢内卵黄蛋白的积累与卵母细胞的发育同步，血淋巴中卵黄蛋白原含量的变化与卵巢对卵黄蛋白原的摄取呈负相关。注射蟑螂卵母细胞发育早期卵黄蛋白原生成受到抑制，后期卵巢对卵黄蛋白原的摄取减少，从而导致血淋巴中卵黄蛋白原的积累。结果表明，VAA对卵母细胞发育的主要作用是影响卵黄蛋白原的产生和摄取，在蝗虫体内，VAA对繁殖活跃的雌性蝗虫的卵子发育也有抑制作用。大多数注射VAA的个体在产生几个卵荚后完全停止了卵母细胞的发育，而注射水的对照组继续产卵直到死亡。VAA不影响雌性动物的寿命，除非给予大剂量(100微克/只)。与蟑螂一样，VAA抑制了蝗虫脂肪体的卵黄原合成和卵巢对卵黄物质的吸收。VAA对雄虫卵膜的形成有抑制作用，表明其对受精有抑制作用，这表明海藻糖酶抑制剂可能通过抑制昆虫的繁殖来防治害虫。

Injection of a specific and potent trehalase inhibitor, validoxylamine A (VAA), suppressed oocyte development in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana and the smoky brown cockroach, Periplaneta fuliginosa. Ootheca formation was also affected by the same treatment. However, the suppressive activity of VAA on the reproduction was not so strong in the German cockroach, Blattella germanica. Trehalases of ovaries, fat body and accessary gland of P.americana were strongly inhibited by the injection of VAA.In control cockroaches, vitellin accumulated in the ovary in parallel with oocyte development, and amount of vitellogenin in the hemolymph changed showing negative correlation with intake of vitellogenin by the ovary. In injected cockroaches, vitellogenin production was suppressed in the early stage of oocyte development, and intake of vitellogenin by the ovary reduced in the late stage and consequently vitellogenin accumulated in the hemolymph. It is concluded that the primary effect of VAA is on the vitellogenin production and intake for the oocyte development.In the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, VAA also suppressed oocyte development when injected to reproductively active females. Most individuals injected with VAA stopped oocyte development completely after producing a few egg-pods, whereas water-injected controls continued to lay eggs until they died. VAA did not influence longevity of females unless a large dose (100 ug/animal) was given. VAA suppressed vitellogenin synthesis by the fat body, and uptake of yolk material by the ovary of the locust as in the cockroach. Furthermore, the juvenile hormone synthesis in corpora cardiaca was suppressed.VAA showed suppression of the ootheca formation of P.americana when administered to the male indicating its inhibitory effect on the fertilization.These results indicate that trehalase inhibitors would be useful for the pest control by inhibiting the reproduction of insects.