DEVELOPMENT OF TWO-PHASE FERMENTER FOR ANAEROBIC METHANE FERMENTATION OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES.

为建立高效处理食品和农业废弃物中高浓度有机污染物的废水处理系统，研制了两相沼气发酵厌氧处理系统。建立了由好氧和厌氧发酵废水处理技术和利用两相发酵罐产生的高浓度沼气沼气能量组成的废水处理系统，并在间歇发酵和恒温连续培养两种方式下进行了不同条件下的发酵试验。以“朔楚”蒸馏废水为原料，对发酵速率、甲烷菌和底物浓度、甲烷菌产量等进行了估算。通过实验得出了影响两相发酵罐设计的一些重要因素。这些结果总结如下：L。第一阶段的酸性细菌被洗涤在-0.63~0.48(1/d)的水力停留时间还原速率之间。2.…的最大去除速率在水力停留时间为10天时，COD的平均去除率为82%，在水力停留时间为7.9天时，COD的去除系数K达到最大。3.在进水COD为10000ppm的条件下，HRT14.4h的产酸量最高，HRT11.4h的产酸量最大。4.甲烷菌的产生量在HRT6.9天达到最大值，甲烷菌在HRT4.6天被淘汰。结果表明，与常规发酵罐相比，两相发酵罐的水力停留时间可降低约50%。5.还发现在发酵速率点，酸气体积比为1：9。为了保持厌氧发酵的稳定性和改善发酵效率，针对重乳化型蒸馏废水，研制了一种网状离心式固液分离器。蒸馏废水中的甘薯纤维被完全去除，几小时后剩下的废水可以很容易地用固体和液体分离。液体的COD减少了20%。同时，利用厌氧处理后的消化废水进行了好氧处理试验。结果表明，采用两相发酵的厌氧处理系统处理高浓度有机废物是可行的，产生的沼气中甲烷含量较高，可以作为替代的清洁能源来补偿工厂的能源需求。较少

In order to establish a high efficient waste water treatment system for high concentration of organic pollutants in food and agricultural wastes, a two-phase methane fermenter was developed for anaerobic treatment. A total system which consists of waste water treatment technique using aerobic and anaerobic fermentation and utilization of biogas energy contained high concentration of methane gas generated from two-phase fermenter was established.In a both of batch and chemostat continuous culture types, fermentation test was carried out on the various conditions. Fermenting rate, concentrations of methane bacteria and substrate, productivity of methane bacteria and so on were estimated using "shochu" distilled waste water. Some important factors for design of the two-phase fermenter was obtained in this experiment. These results were summarized as follows ; l. Acid bacteria in the first phase was washed out between -0.63 and 0.48 (1/day) of HRT reduction rate. 2. Maximum removal rate of … More COD was 82% at HRT 10 days and coefficient of COD removal rate, K was maximal at HRT 7.9 days. 3. The productivity of acid bacteria was showed maximum at HRT14.4 hours and acid bacteria was washed out at HRT11.4 hours on the input loading COD of l0,000ppm. 4. The productivity of methane bacteria was showed maximum value at HRT6.9 days and methane bacteria was washed out at HRT4.6 days. It was found that the two-phase fermenter could reduced approximately 50 percent of HRT comparing with a regular fermenter. 5. It was also found that ratio of acid and methane fermenter volume was 1 : 9 at the point of fermenting rate.In order to keep stable and modify efficiency of anaerobic fermentation, a meshed centrifugal type of solid-liquid separator was developed for heavy emulsion type of distilled waste water. Fiber of sweet potato in distilled waste water was perfectly removed and the remained waste water was easily separated with solid and liquid after a few hours. COD of liquid was reduced 20 percent. At the same time, aerobic treatment was tested using digestive waste water from anaerobic treatment. More than 90 percent of COD could be removed by 24 hours aerobic treatment.It was clear that an anaerobic treatment system using two phase fermenter is practical for the disposal of high concentrated organic waste, and the produced biogas containing a high percentage of methane gas could be used as an alternative clean energy source to offset energy requirements of the plant. Less