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Development of agricultural organic waste treatment system for minimizing the pollution of the environment

开发农业有机废物处理系统以最大限度地减少环境污染

基本信息

批准号：
13356005
负责人：
MORITA Kazuo
金额：
$ 32.7万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13356005/
关键词：
Organic Waste Solid Methane Fermentation Liquid Methane Fermentation Electrolysis Carbonization COD Removal Rate Biogas Biogas Engine メタン発酵シミュレーション炭化物ボード

项目摘要

In order to reduce an environmental pollution for agriculture, a total organic waste treatment system was proposed. The aim of the research is to develop various waste treatment techniques and construct a sustainable resource system. The system consists of solid methane fermentation for solid waste, two-phase liquid methane fermentation for surly waste, electrolysis after liquid methane fermentation, carbonization for solid methane fermentation residue and utilization of biogas. Pig waste and Shochu waste which is residue of a traditional Japanese white distilled liquor were used as representative wastes of south Kyushu area. In the solid and liquid methane fermentation, basic properties of anaerobic fermentation for these wastes were found in batch experiments. Trail machines were manufactured in small scale and the optimum methane fermentation conditions were determined in continuance experiments. In the electrolysis treatment, basic properties were measured using pure materials as albumen and sucrose. Trail machine was manufactured in small scale and optimum electrolysis conditions was found for pig and shochu waste. It was found that the electrolysis treatment was simultaneously effective for deodorization, bleaching and removing nitrogen in the waste. In the carbonization, wood waste, pig waste and garbage etc. were carbonized at 400, 600 and 800 ℃ and carbide board was experimentally manufactured under the various conditions. The optimum carbonization of carbide board was found for greening material on the rooftop of building. In the utilization of biogas, basic properties of biogas diesel engine was measured using artificial biogas and used cooking oil. It was found that the performance of the engine was achieved as same as petroleum fuel Therefore, it found the possibility to construct sustainable resource system for agricultural organic waste through combining these element techniques.

为了减少农业对环境的污染，提出了一种有机废弃物全处理系统。研究的目的是开发各种废物处理技术，构建可持续的资源体系。该系统由固体废弃物的固体沼气发酵、固体废弃物的两相液体沼气发酵、液体沼气发酵后的电解、固体沼气发酵残渣的碳化和沼气利用组成。猪废物和烧酒废物是日本传统白色蒸馏酒的残渣，被用作南九州地区的代表性废物。在固体和液体沼气发酵中，通过间歇实验，了解了这些废弃物厌氧发酵的基本特性。进行了小型沼气发酵试验机的研制，并在连续试验中确定了沼气发酵的最佳条件。在电解处理中，使用蛋白和蔗糖等纯物质测定基本性质。试验机在小规模制造和最佳电解条件下，猪和烧酒废物。结果表明，电解处理对漂白、脱色和脱氮都有较好的效果。在碳化过程中，将木材废料、猪废料和垃圾等在400、600和800 ℃下进行了碳化，并在不同条件下进行了碳化板的制备实验。找到了硬质合金板作为建筑屋顶绿化材料的最佳碳化条件。在沼气利用方面，利用人工沼气和废食用油对沼气柴油机的基本性能进行了测试。结果表明，该发动机的性能达到了与石油燃料相当的水平，从而为将这些要素技术结合起来构建农业有机废弃物可持续资源化系统提供了可能。