Historical Stuby of the theory on Kindergarten in Modern Japan

本研究旨在探讨日本近代幼儿园理论，并厘清20世纪00 - 40年代日本幼儿园制度的特点。研究结果如下：1.日本近代幼儿园理论受到美、德幼儿园改革运动的影响。2.森冈通造受到赖因的“幼儿园改造”思想的影响。3.白桥宗三受“文化教育学”和施普林格战时国民教育思想的影响。当时他认为日本幼儿园应该改组为“国立幼儿园”，这种想法必须是民族主义的。第二次世界大战期间，“国立幼儿园”的概念并不被接受，但在战后的教育改革中，白桥的幼儿园制度思想被接受。因此，幼儿园在日本学校体系中获得了自己的地位。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the theory on Kindergarten in Modern Japan, and to clarify the characteristics on Japanese Kindergarten system between the 1900's and 1940's.The results are as follows :1.The theory on Kindergarten in Modern Japan was under the influence of the movement of Kindergarten's reform in U.S.A.and Germany.2.MORIOKA Tunezo was under the influence of W.Rein's thought on "Volkskindergarten". Then he made plans of Ordinance Relating to Kindergartens, which aimed at the integration of two tier systems of preschool education.3.KURAHASHI Sozo was under the influences of "Kulturpadagogik" and E.Spranger's thought on national education in time of war. At that time he thought that Japanese Kindergarten should be reorganized to "National Kindergarten", which idea had to be nationalistic. "National Kindergarten" also intended to make peaple realize its usefulness and furthermore gain its position in school system.4.In time of the World War II,the idea of "National Kindergarten"wasn't accepted, but KURAHASHI's thought of Kindergarten system was accepted in the postwar educational reform. Therefore, Kindergarten could acquire its position in Japanese school system.