TRADE DIASPORA COMMUNITIES IN ISLAMIC MULTI-CULTURAL STRUCTURE

当今社会科学最紧迫的课题之一是在地球这个有限的生态系统中找到一种民族国家体系所未能提供的共存结构。本文以突尼斯杰尔巴岛的犹太人为例，比较了伊斯兰社会中的迪米人和民族国家体系中的少数民族的概念。岛上的各个民族，包括犹太人，都有各自的生活方式。每个社区又进一步分为几个阶层。与曾经流行的摩西理论所暗示的相反，耶路撒冷犹太社区在某种意义上是孤立的，但同时，为了生存，它在岛上有限的生态系统下通过日常的商业活动与其他社区合作。一些社区成员也从事国际贸易。这种社区内/社区间的动态关系使得有可能最大限度地利用有限资源中的细微差别。 ...更多信息 以杰尔比亚犹太社区为例，伊斯兰社会中的迪米并不像人们过去认为的那样是静态的或单一的。分裂的部分之间的多样的内部/内部社区关系表征并保证了Dhimmi系统的动态。伊斯兰生态系统以城镇为节点，以分散的生态系统为纽带的广泛的商业网络结构，在不同群体之间起到了平衡器的作用，而今天伊斯兰世界的民族国家不仅加速了环境与人类社会平衡的破坏，而且拉大了贫富之间的差距。贾尔巴岛无法摆脱民族国家体系。伊斯兰教的多文化体系没有像以前那样在提供一个共存结构方面发挥作用。伊斯兰原教旨主义和新种族主义主张宗教或文化的原始联系，得到了普及，但它也加剧了有关经济分配和政治重新分配的大规模暴力。伊斯兰多元文化体系可能看起来过时了，但重新评估它可能会带来新的可能性。少

The one of the most urgent topics of today's social sciences is to find a co-existence structure in this limited ecosystem of the Earth, which the nation-state system have failed to provide. Reporting about the Jewish community in Jerba island in Tunisia, this study compares the concept of Dhimmi in Islamic society with that of minorities in the nation-state system.Island's various ethnic groups, including the Jewish, are each specialized in certain ways of living. Each community is further devided into several strata. Contrary to what once-popular Mosaic theory implies, Jerbian Jewish community has been isolated in a sense, but at the same time, for its survival has cooperated with other communities through daily commdercial activities under the limited ecosystem of the island. Some members of the community engage in international trade as well. Such dynamic intra/inter-communal relationships make possible to utilize maximally the subtle differences in limited resources.As illustrated … More by the case of Jerbian Jewish community, Dhimmi in Islamix society as not so static or monolythic as used to believe. The manifold intra/inter communal-relationship among divided pieces characterizes and guarantees the dynamics of the Dhimmi system. Islamic nuti-cultural system is characterized by the extensive commercial network structure connected with separate ecosystems through towns as its nodes, has worked as the balancer among different groups.Today, Nation-states in Islamic world are not only accelerate the destruction of the balance between the enviroment and human society, but are also widen the gap between the poor and the rich. Jarba island can not escape from the nation-state system. Islamic milti-culrural system has not playd a role in providing a coexistence structure, as it once did. Islamic fundamentalism and new ethnicity that advocates the religious or cultural primordial ties, has gained popularity, but it also intensifies mass violence concerning the economic distribution and political re-distrubution. Islamic multi-cultural system may look obsolete, but revaluation of it may suggest a new possibilities. Less