A Cross-National Perspectives on Organization and Management of R&D Consortium

本研究的主要目的是通过引入跨国视角来考察竞争对手R&D联盟之间在研发方面的组织间合作。在过去的几十年里，美国、日本和韩国的政府已经参与了竞争对手之间的研发组织间安排，但日本和韩国政府采取了比美国政府更具干预性的方式。Consodia管理者在管理组织间合作、会员管理、招募和留住成员公司、冲突管理、协调和解决成员公司的不同利益方面面临三个关键问题，和技术转移管理、交流和创造信息。我试图考察这些跨组织管理的每一个，并重点关注三个国家之间的差异，并通过1996年和1997年对日本、美国和韩国的R&D联合体的调查进行实证分析。我使用了根据1961年日本法律注册的工程研究协会(ERA)、根据1984年美国《国家合作研究法案》注册的R&D合资企业和根据1977年韩国《技术发展促进法》注册的产业研究协会(IRA)的所有数据。

The main purpose of this study is to examine interorganizational cooperation in research and development between competitor, R&D Consortium, by bringing a cross- national perspective. National government in US, Japan, and Korea have become involved in interorganizational arrangement for R&D between competitors over the past few decades, but the Japanese and Korean government has taken a more interventionist approach than US government.Consodia managers face three critical issues in managing interorganizational cooperation, membership management recruiting and retaining members firms, , conflict management coordinating and resolving different interests of member firms, and technology transfer management exchanging and creating information.I try to examine each of these interorganizational management and focus on differences among three countries and test them with a empirical analysis from the survey of R&D consortia in Japan and US and Korea conduced in 1996 and 1997.I use the all of data of Engineering Research Association (ERA) registered under a 1961 law in Japan, R&D joint venture registered under the 1984 National Cooperative Research Act in US, and Industrial Research Association (IRA) registered under a Technology Development Promotion Act of 1977 in Korea.