Quantitative assessment of forest landscape resources as an integral component of rural landscape and its applicability to landscape modification

森林公路开发的规划、环境和工程指导方针是有序开发和保护自然资源的必要条件。公路开发是林区破坏环境最严重的活动之一，往往导致农村地区景观属性的严重和不必要的退化。目前，单一用途和/或多用途道路的环境和工程设计没有统一的标准。原本用作一种用途的道路，很多时候后来会被用作另一种用途，并加以改善。因此，如果考虑到以后可能发展的整个基础设施，那么最初的道路规划阶段/维护程序就变得非常重要。在现代森林资源管理中，许多道路规划和资源清查活动的主要信息来源是平面摄影。然而，传统的以跨学科方法为特征的摄影测量数据采集过程可能是…更多的信息不足以解决当今与道路规划有关的所有环境保护问题，道路规划要求提供详细、具体地点、仔细计时的定量和定性信息。航空摄影作为一种类似的记忆媒介，可能并不代表有意义的信息。基于PC的影像数据处理软件在详细的空间背景下识别现场调查数据已成为可承受的。在本研究中，通过将航空摄影和数字正射摄影应用于Mie University森林的初步道路网规划以及在滋贺县建设的森林公路的陆地和/或水环境影响评价中的应用，总结了基于PC的影像数据处理系统的战术阶段，并讨论了未来的作用。这些方法的实例包括：(1)土地覆盖的数字分类和解译-通过判别函数分析的精度衡量；(2)基于像素的聚集技术的面积测量；(3)通过连接影像数据处理系统和数字地形数据库系统进行叠加分析；(4)识别影响路线位置的敏感地点；(5)估计道路走廊泥沙的空间分布；(6)缓冲区分区作为景观环境影响缓解的基础；(7)流域河岸带的水环境影响评价。较少

Planning, environmental and engineering guidelines for forest road development are necessary for the orderly development and protection natural resources. Road development is one of the most environmentally damaging activities in forest areas and often leads to serious and unnecessary degradation of landscape attributes of rural areas. At present, there are no uniform environmental and engineering design standards for single and/or multiple purpose roads. Roads that have originally been for one purpose are very often later used and upgraded for another purpose. The initial road planning phase/maintenance procedure therefore become very significant if the total infrastructure that may later develop is consider.Aerial photography is the primary source of information for much of the road planning and resource inventory activities undertaken in modern forest resource management. Traditional procedures of photogramtric data gathering characterized by interdisciplinary method, however, may b … More e insufficient to address all of today's environmental protection issues concerned with the road planning, which claims detailed, site-specific, carefully timed quantitative and qualitative information. Aerial photography as a type of analogous memory medium may not represent meaningful information. PC-based imagery data processing software to identify site investigation data in a detailed spatial context have recently become affordable.In this research, the tactical phase of a PC-based imagery data processing system using aerial photography and digital orthopotography through the application to preliminary road network plans in Mie University Forests and also to terrestrial and/or aquatic environmental impact assessment of forest road constructed in Shiga prefecture has been summarized, and some prospective roles discussed. The approaches are illustrated using examples of (1) digital classification of land cover and interpretation-accuracy measure by discriminant function analysis, (2) area measurements using a pixel-based aggregation technique, (3) overlay analysis through linking an imagery data processing system to digital terrain database system, (4) identification of sensitive sites influencing route location, (5) estimating spatial distribution of sediment from road corridor, (6) buffer zoning as the building blocks for environmental impact mitigation of landscape, and (7) aquatic environmental impact assessment for riparian zone in drainage area. Less