Evaluations of Distance Education by a Tele-Conference System and Studies of Effective Methods to Use

我们研究了将电话会议系统实际用于实时和双向远程教育的可行性，并研究了使用媒体的有效方法。心理学研究的主要发现如下。我们分析了参加远程讲座的本科生的评价情况。通过因子分析，提取出7个因子：“全程讲课”、“电视屏幕”、“声音”、“画面”、“疲劳”、“问题”和“对远程教育的期望”。研究结果表明：1.这些因素构成了大学生的印象。我们调查了通过远程教育系统授课的教师的印象。大多数人的回答是支持远程演讲，但沟通的互动性被评价为不足。通过对教师和本科生的评价结果进行对比，证实两者差异不大，证实了该系统能够提供远程大众教育。以注意资源理论为基础，考察了大学生的心理负荷。参考前人关于看电视与远程授课理解相关的研究，我们认为有效的资源配置促进了远程授课的理解。我们研究了有效使用教育系统的方法。通过以上考虑，我们揭示了更好地使用英语的三个要点：“屏幕的清晰度”、“保持大学生的兴趣”和“增加双向交流”。提出了改进这些问题的具体方法。

We examined the feasibility of practical use of a Tele-Conference System for real-time and two-way distance education and investigated effective methods to use the media. The major findings from psychological research are as follows.l. We analyzed the evaluations of the undergraduate students attended to the distance lectures. By a factor analysis, seven factors were extracted ; "whole lecture", "TV monitor", "sounds", "screen picture", "fatigue", "question", and "expectationfor distance education". The result showed that these factors make up the impressions of undergraduates.2. We investigated the impressions of teachers who lectured through the distance education system. Most answers were favorable for a distance lecture, but mutuality of communication was evaluated insufficiency. Compared the evaluations of teachers and of undergraduate students, we confirmed the two were not different so much and confirmed that this system can provide distance mass education.3. The mental load of undergraduate students was examined based on resource theory of attention. Referring to the prior study on watching television that related to understanding a distance lecture, we suggested that efficient resource distribution promoted the understanding of distance lecture.4. We studied the method to use the education system effectively. From the considerations mentioned above, we revealed that three points are important for better use : "clearness of the screen", "keeping up undergraduates'interest", and "increases in two-way communication". The concrete methods to improve these points were proposed.