Novel Characterization of Humic Substarces and this Role in the Behavior of Environmental Toxic Substances using HPLc/MS/MS

1. 日本琵琶湖天然有机质（NOM）的分离与表征采用京都大学安装的序贯膜系统对琵琶湖南湖和北湖的天然有机质（NOM）进行分离与分离。分馏样品的TOC分析表明，两个湖泊的高分子量组分（bbb10 000 Da）均小于20%，远低于密歇根湖和苏瓦尼河NOM的高分子量组分（分别为76%和37%）。同时测定了琵琶湖有机分馏物的比紫外线吸光度（SUVA），发现分子量越大的分馏物的比紫外线吸光度值越小。由于SUVA与芳香族化合物的含量相对应，结果表明琵琶湖NOM中芳香族化合物在高分子量部分较少。以多核芳烃（PAH）中的芘为研究对象。通过间歇吸附实验，测定了分馏琵琶湖NOM对不同粒径颗粒的吸附性能。实验结果表明，对芘的吸附受分子量的控制（即，琵琶湖NOM的分子量越大，吸附量越大），而不受SUVA的影响（即，吸附量与SUVA之间没有明显的关系）。研究了微有机污染物在脂质体中的水相吸附及共存腐殖质对吸附的影响。在实验室合成了用于模拟活细胞膜的脂质体，实验使用了两种多环芳烃（芘和菲）。批吸附结果表明，脂质体的吸附可以替代K_< 0 >来估计微量有机污染物进入活细胞的运输，腐殖质物质通过与水相中的微量有机污染物结合来延缓运输。少

1. Isolation and Characterization of NOM from Lake Biwa JapanLake Biwa natural organic matter (NOM) was isolated and fractionated from the Southern and Northern Lakes using the sequential membrane system installed at Kyoto University. TOC analysis of the fractionated samples indicated that the high molecular weight fractions (> 1,000 Da) of both lakes were less than 2O%, which is much less than the values reported for Lake Michigan and Suwanee River NOM (76 and 37%, respectively). The SUVA (Specific Ultra Violet Absorbance) was also measured for the fractionated Lake Biwa NOM.The higher molecular weight fractions had smaller SUVA values. Since SUVA corresponds to the content of aromatic compounds, the results indicate that the aromatic compounds in Lake Biwa NOM are less in the higher molecular weight fractions.2. Sorption of Micro-organic Pollutants with Lake Biwa NOM.JapanPyrene was selected from polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as a micro-organic pollutant. The sorption onto … More the fractionated Lake Biwa NOM was measured by batch sorption experiments. The experimental results indicated that the sorption of pyrene was controlled by the molecular weight (i.e., the greater sorption was observed for the higher molecular weight fractions of Lake Biwa NOM) not by SUVA (i.e., no distinct relationship was observed between the sorption and SUVA).3. Development of an Alternative to K_<ow> as a Predictor of Contaminant ToxicityThe aqueous-phase sorption of micro-organic pollutants into liposome and the effects of coexisting humic substances on the sorption were experimentally evaluated. The liposome, used for simulating living cell membrane, was synthesized in the laboratory, and two PAHs (pyrene and phenanthrene) were used for the experiment. The batch sorption results indicate that the sorption into liposome could be an alternative to K_<ow> for estimating the transport of micro-organic pollutants into living cells and humic substances retarded the transport by binding with micro-organic pollutants in the aqueous phase. Less