Molecular basis for establishing the environment in digestive tract by food components

从丁香花蕾的甲醇提取物中分离得到两种对大鼠肠道麦芽糖酶有抑制作用的鞣花单宁：丁香苷和丁香苷。与合成的五没食子酰葡萄糖（PGG），其中表现出最高的活性的分离物的结构-活性关系的研究表明，抑制活性依赖于分子中的未偶联没食子酰残基的数量。这些单宁也抑制麦芽糖酶表达的人类癌细胞系，Caco-2。玫瑰茄茶的丙酮提取物对猪胰腺α-淀粉酶有抑制作用。采用比色法研究了海产品和海藻提取物对大肠杆菌β-葡萄糖醛酸酶的体外抑制作用。其中，干鲣鱼（katsuobushi）、棕色的羊栖菜（Hizikia fusiformis）和红色的粗软骨藻（Chondria crassica）的提取物 ...更多信息 ulis具有抑制活性。从干鲣鱼中获得的抑制剂被公开为肌苷酸。在核酸相关化合物中，腺苷酸和三磷酸腺苷也抑制β-葡萄糖醛酸酶。从H.梭形菌被鉴定为游离脂肪酸的混合物。C.抑制剂的分离和结构鉴定。通过直肠内注射1，2-二甲基肼（DMN）诱导大鼠产生畸变隐窝灶（ACF），研究了分子对ACF形成的直接影响。丁酸或脱氧胆酸（及其衍生物）用作试验分子。直肠内注射丁酸在20 mM时对ACF的形成有保护作用。另一方面，直肠内注射脱氧胆酸显著促进ACF的大小。这些结果表明，直肠内注射的实验动物是一个有用的模型，以评估这些分子对早期癌变的影响。少

As the inhibitory principles against rat intestinal maltase, two ellagitannins, eugeniin and casuarictin, were isolated from the methanolic extracts of Clove buds. Structure-activity relationship study of the isolates together with synthetic pentagalloylglucose (PGG), which showed the highest activity , revealed that the inhibitory activity depended on the number of uncoupled galloyl residues in the molecule. These tannins also inhibited maltase expressed on a human carcinoma cell line, Caco-2. On the other hand, the acetone extracts of roselle tea, dried flower buds of Hibiscus sabdariffa, possessed an inhibitory activity against porcine pancreatic α-amylase. The active compound was identified as hibiscus acid.Inhibitory potencies of the extracts of seafood and algae against Escherichia coli β-glucuronidase were investigated by the colorimetric method in vitro. Among them, the extracts of dried bonito (katsuobushi), the brown alga Hizikia fusiformis, and the red alga Chondria crassica … More ulis showed the inhibitory activity. The inhibitor obtained from dried bonito was disclosed to be inosinic acid. Among nucleic acid-related compounds, adenylic acid and adenosine triphosphate also inhibited the β-glucuronidase. The inhibitor obtained from H. fusiformis was identified to be a mixture of free fatty acids. Isolation and structural elucidation of the inhibitor of C. crassicaulis is now in progress.Direct effect of molecules on the formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine using the intrarectal injection was investigated. Butyric acid or deoxycholic acid (and the derivatives) was used as the test molecule. Intrarectal injection of butyric acid showed a protective effect on the ACF formation at 20 mM. On the other hand, intrarectal injection of deoxycholic acid significantly promoted the size of ACF. These results suggest that the intrarectal injection with experimental animal is useful model to assess the effect of such molecules on the early phase of carcinogenesis. Less