Constitutionalism and Constitutional Court in Russia

1993年俄罗斯新宪法颁布后，俄罗斯联邦宪法法院为俄罗斯的宪政建设发挥了重要作用。特别是在俄罗斯联邦各联邦共和国和省的宪法或宪章对联邦宪法、人权、地方自治权等的修改方面，宪法法院的作用无论过去还是现在都是非常重要的。我认为，它在这些日子里的基本作用是：（1）作为政治和社会制度的辩护功能，（2）作为过渡过程中政治秩序的形成功能，（3）作为俄罗斯现政府政策的合法化和正当化功能。而在俄罗斯，总统在政治竞技场和大国关系中具有特殊的重要地位。宪法法院也不能独立于总统之外，只能在法律的体系中充当总统的支持者。

After the enactment of New Russian Constitution in 1993, the Constitutional Court, of Russian Federation has achieved big roles for establishment of Constitutionalism in Russia. Especially, in fields of adaptation of Constitutions or Charters of Federal Republics and Provinces in Russian Federation toward Federal Constitution, Human Rights, Local Autonomy and so on, roles of the Constitutional Court was and now is very important.On this project, I studied judgments and decisions of Constitutional Court of Russian Federation in these fields. I think that its basic roles in these days are (1) function as defense of Political and Social System, (2) function as formation of Political order in Transitional process, (3) function as legitimatization and justification of policies of the present Government in Russia. But in Russia President has special big position in Political Arena and in the relations between powers. Constitutional Court also can not have independent position against President, and acts as his supporter in legal system.Then I suppose Russia did not establish Constitutionalism in Russia yet.