Studies on the reproductive ecology of littoral animals using with DNA polymorphism

本研究对一些滨海动物的生殖生态学作了如下的阐述。利用水下摄像机观察了三种六边形的种间繁殖，并进行了mtDNA和基因组DNA （calmosurin编码区）多态性分析。杂交不是随机发生的，只有两种组合，一种是雄八爪鼠与雌八爪鼠，一种是雄八爪鼠与雌八爪鼠。所有的杂交后代都是雌性。DNA分析检测到F2个个体，表明F1杂交是可育的。设计了微卫星DNA多态性扩增引物，用于确定大尾蛇的父系关系。这种鱼的雄性在马尾藻海窗附近建立了产卵区。5条引物成功扩增微卫星DNA位点。其中4组引物异常率高达80%以上。利用DNA多态性研究了鱼类密度、产卵基质密度与繁殖成功率之间的关系。在精子发生过程中，一种非交配的石斑鱼产生了许多具有复数核的单核精子。用荧光染料和微卫星DNA多态性研究了apyrene精子的功能。结果表明，精子在精子竞争中扮演了中间人的角色。设计了坦干尼喀湖稚鱼、时间端鱼和华丽朱丽鱼微卫星DNA多态性扩增引物。分析结果表明，这两个物种有一个独特的交配系统，帮助者和海盗用一些被保护的卵配对。

The present study clarified about the reproductive ecology of some littoral animals as follows.1. Interspecific breedings among three hexagramids were observed with underwater video camera and mtDNA and genomic DNA (calmosurin encording region) polymorphism analyses. The cross breedings did not occurred at random, but only two combination, between male Hexagrammos otakii and female H.octogrammus and between male H.agrammus and female H.octogrammus. All hybrids were female. DNA analyses detected F2 individuals, suggesting F1 hybrids are fertile.2. Primers of amplification of microsatellite DNA polymorphism were designed for paternity determination of Hypopthychus dybowskii. Males of this fish established a spawning territory around sargassum sea wedows. Five primers successfully amplified microsatellite DNA loci. Of them 4 sets of the primers showed high heterooccurrence frequency of 80% over. Relationship among density of fishes, density of spawning substratum and reproductive success is being investigated with the DNA polymorphism.3. A non-copulating sculpin, Hemilepidotus gilberti, produce much apyrene spermatozoa with plural nuclei during spermatogenesis. The function of apyrene sperm were investigated with fluorescent dye and microsatellite DNA polymorphism. It was showed that the sperm played as a broker toward sneaker's eusperm for sperm-competition.4. Primers of amplification of microsatellite DNA polymorphism were designed for cichlids in Lake Tanganyika, Telmatochromis temporalis and Julidochormis ornatus. The analyses resulted that the two species have a unique mating system, helpers and pirates sired with some of guarded eggs by pair.