The fact and outlook of child - family nursing practice in baccalaureate programs

1998年，对1995年至1998年7月的文献进行了综述。结果发现，由于儿童数量减少，医院儿童病情危重，儿童和家庭护理实践的环境变得更加困难。在文献回顾的基础上，编制了两种关于儿童和家庭护理实践的问卷。一项针对大专院校护理教职员工，另一项针对护理人员。1999年，通过邮寄1998年的问卷进行了调查。数据来源于34名教职工(79.1%的回收率)和71名临床人员(84.5%的回收率)。教职员工认为，学生在练习前没有太多与孩子玩耍和交谈的经验，学生人数太多，无法进行良好的练习。临床工作人员觉得临床实习时间太短，听不懂学生的话。2000年，调查了教职员工和临床工作人员如何在学生良好、安全的儿童和家庭护理临床实践中取得成功。2001年，邀请一些儿童和家庭护理专家就本科阶段儿童和家庭护理的理想临床实践进行讨论。在临床实习前，学生应多上几堂课，体验与孩子玩耍、交谈、学习基本护理技能等，积极与教职员工面对面交流，改善临床实习环境，促进学生良好学习。

In 1998, a literature review from 1995 to July in 1998 was conducted. It was found that the environment of child and family nursing practice was getting harder because the number of the children was decreasing and children's illnesses in the hospital was getting critical. Two kinds of questionnaries about child and family nursing practice were made based of the literature review. One of them was for nursing faculty members of universities and colleges and the other was for nursing staffs.In 1999, the survey was conducted by mailing questionnaries made in 1998. Data were collected from 34 faculty members (79.1 % return rate) and 71 clinical staffs (84.5 % return rate). Faculty members felt that students don't have much experience to play and talk with children before practice and that the number of students was too many to have a good practice. And clinical staffs felt that the length of the clinical practice was too short to understand students. And it was found that most of them did't have any reward for teaching students.In 2000, it was investigated how faculty members and clinical staffs cooperate with other to succeed in students' good and safe clinical practice of child and family nursing.In 2001, some specialists for child and family nursing were asked to discuss about the ideal clinical practice of child and family nursing in baccalaureate program. It is important for students to take some lessons before clinical practice, in which they experience to play and talk with children and learn basic nursing skills and so on.It is necessary that positive face-to-face communication of faculties and staffs to improve the environment of the clinical practice and to promote students good learning.