Fundamental Research on the Policy concerning Patrimonium of the Roman Church in the negotiations of Investiture Contest

本研究的目的在于了解神圣罗马帝国与罗马教会之间的“爵位竞赛”谈判在前12世纪对罗马教会的“patrimonium”问题上所起的作用。在1999年和2000年的研究中，我们分析了教皇帕斯卡尔二世（1099年至1118年）（Guastalla 1106年，Sutri 1111年，Ponte=Mammolo 1111年等）和教皇卡利特二世（1119年至1124年）期间谈判的术语和讨论方式。作为这项研究工作的结果，我们可以找到四点。作为第一点，当时教廷有一个概念，即以“牧师王国”（regale sacerdotium）为前提。在这一概念上，教廷认为牧权不仅继承了教皇的土地，而且也是一个国家领域（命名为“regalia S.Petri”）。第二点与Sutri谈判有关（2011年2月）。在这次谈判中，罗马教会和中世纪帝国（sacrum Romanum imperium）首次讨论了“patrimonium”问题。如你所知，“授职竞赛”谈判开始于Guastalla谈判（1106）。但这一谈判只涉及匹配罗马教会和帝国提出的主题。1111年，苏陀利谈判，“Patrimonium”问题正式得到解决。3^<rd>穴与治疗“patrimonium”有关。由于决定“皇帝将‘patrimonium’归还给罗马教会”，后来的谈判和非常Wormser Konkordat（1122）做出了完全相同的决定。至于4^< >点，罗马教会与帝国之间的同意与罗马教会的“realia Sancti Petri”概念明显不同。在上述所谓国际层面的谈判中，同意仅仅意味着罗马教会可以拥有国家领土的最低要求。

The aim of this research is to find out the role, which the negotiations of "Investiture Contest" between Holy Roman Empire and Roman Church achieved in the first 12 century on the matter of "patrimonium" of Roman Church. As for research in 1999and2000 we analyzed the terms and way of discussion in the negotiations in the term of Pope Paschal II (1099-1118) (Guastalla 1106, Sutri 1111, Ponte=Mammolo 1111 etc) and in the term of pope Calixt II (1119-24. As a result of that research work, we could find four points.As the first point, at that time the curia had the concept that premise on the kind of "Priest kingdom" (regale sacerdotium). And on this concept the curia regarded the patrimonium not only inherited land of the Pope but also as a state-realm (named "regalia S.Petri).The second point is related to the Sutri negotiation (Feb.1111). It was in this negotiation that "patrimonium" issue was first discussed between Roman Church and Medieval Empire (sacrum Romanum imperium). As you know, "Investiture Contest" negotiations started at Guastalla negotiation (1106). But that negotiation dealed with only matching the themes which Roman church and Empire made proposal. It was 1111, Sutri negotiation, where "Patrimonium" issue was officially dealed with.The 3^<rd> point is related to the treatment of "patrimonium". Due to the decision "Emperor will return 'patrimonium' to Roman Church", later negotiations and the very Wormser Konkordat (1122) made the quite same decision.As for the 4^<th> point, the consent between Roman Church and Empire is obviously different from the concept "realia Sancti Petri" of Roman Church. In the mentioned negotiations of so-called international level, consent implied just only the minimum requirement that Roman Church may have state-realm.