Basic Research on transfiguration process from monastery fraternities type to Laymen's fraternity type in 11^<th> century

本研究旨在厘清两种“兄弟情”(兄弟情谊)类型的实际变形过程。自公元8世纪以来，僧侣--“兄弟会”(或“社会”)遍及西欧。另一方面，莱门人的“兄弟会”在12、13世纪蓬勃发展。我分析了11世纪末和12世纪初柯维寺庄园中的一些村落中的“信徒兄弟会”等协会。2002年，我对明斯特西北档案馆的MscI.132史料进行了调查。我收集了缩微胶片中存在的部分。回到日本后，我做了解码工作和电子处理，制作了包含1350人的电子数据。2003年，我根据这些数据对“fidelium Fraternitas”的实际阶段进行了分析。为此，采取以下3个步骤：1)核实《名录》与相关材料之间的关系的史料(notae Corbeiensi…更多的S)完成了。结果证明，《名录》中有1350人是4个《忠实兄弟会》的成员。2)在此基础上，我分析了这些“修道院”团体与寺院组织(方丈和修道院)的实际关系，并考虑到这些团体的章程和寺院组织制度。3)我可以确认以下几点为共同特征：(1)所有这些委托修道士祈祷的“修道院”团体，(2)纪念弥撒(纪念会)是在特定的国定节假日为“虔诚兄弟会”的成员举行的。(3)在一些节假日，组织成员为死去的成员做布施活动。换言之，发现这些是以帮助和帮助科维僧侣和修道院的祈祷活动为根本目的的协会组织。本文以11世纪末至12世纪初的“兄弟会”群体与13世纪以来中世纪城镇中的门外汉兄弟会之间的实际结构关系为研究对象，得出了“兄弟会”群体具有以下特点的阶段：(1)以门外汉(信仰者)为主的自愿形成；(2)地联型的社团(一种以社区为基础的社团)；(3)从职业的角度来看，它们包含了不同的社会阶层。作为一个整体，我可以得出以下结论：作为一种新型的人际关系网，自13世纪以来，“Ffidelium Fraternitas”团体基本上与中世纪城镇中的门外汉兄弟会有着非常共同的基础。较少

This research aims at trying to clarify the actual transfiguration process of two "fraternity" (brotherhood) types. Since 8^<th> century Monks-"fraternity" (or "societas") had been spread all over West Europe. On the other hand Laymens' "fraternity" bloomed in 12^<th> and 13^<th> century. I analyzed some associations named "fidelium fraternitas" (Brotherhood of believers) in villages etc. in estates of Corvey monastery in late 11^<th> and first 12^<th> centuries.2002 I did the investigation of the historical materials Msc.I 132 at the North Western Archiv in Munster. And I collected existent parts in microfilm. After I came back to Japan, I did decoding work and electronic treatment making electronic data that contains 1350 people.2003 I did the analysis on the actual phases of "fidelium fraternitas" on the basis of the data. For the purpose the following 3 steps:1) Verification for Historical materials on the relation between the "name list" and the related materials (Notae Corbeiensi … More s) was done. As result, it was proved that 1350 people of the "name list" were the members of 4 "fidelium fraternitas" as a result. (Corvey 2 group, Goslar 1, Wulfelade 1).2) On basis of this result I analyzed on the actual relations between these "fidelium fraternitas" groups and monastery-organization (abbot and congretatio), also considering the statute of these groups and system of monastery-organization.3) I can confirm the following point as the common characteristics:(1) All these "fidelium fraternitas" groups entrusted prayer to Corvey monks, and they contributed for costs of maintenance of church and so on.(2) Commemoration mass (memoria) is to be held in the specific national holiday for the members of "fidelium fraternitas" groups(3) In some holidays group members did almgiving activities (elemosina) for their dead members.In other words, it was found out that these were the association groups that had fundamental purpose of helping and aiding prayer activities of Corvey monks and monastery.Lastly from view point of association, I treated the subject: actual structural relation between "fidelium fraternitas" groups of end of 11^<th> and first 12^<th> century and Laymen-fraternities in medieval towns since 13 century.As a result I could reached the phases that "fidelium fraternitas" groups has the peculiar characteristics:(1) voluntaryformation committed mainly by laymen (believer).(2) Ground connection type of association (kind of community based association)(Ortsbruderschaft)(3) they contained various social classes from view point of occupations from the data.As a whole I can reached the next conclusion that taking type of new human network, "fidelium fraternitas" groups has fundamentally very common basis with Laymen-fraternities in medieval towns since 13 century. Less