The Origin and Development of Alternative of Economic Policy in the German Capitalism after World War II

在本研究计划的最后阶段，我想把我的研究成果总结如下：1）我对20世纪20年代德国关于经济政策的争论进行了研究，当时称之为“卡塞尔争论”。古斯塔夫·卡塞尔断言，当时欧洲的经济停滞是由它造成的，投资受到工会加强和福利国家发展的限制。社会民主主义者埃米尔·莱德勒反对他的观点，认为有必要采取措施刺激经济和产业政策，以改变旧的产业结构。2）经济自由主义的创新始于20世纪30年代。在这个过程中，大萧条和法西斯主义起了很大的作用。经济自由主义者主张引入“自由干预主义”，以摧毁政治多元化，使不完全竞争市场达到均衡。我可以通过对当时新经济自由主义领导人的著作的考察，来阐明经济自由主义者与纳粹德国这样的“强大国家”之间的这种关系。（3）关注了全球化背景下社会历史整合视角的政治意义，强调了积极整合与消极整合观点的重要性。从这一观点出发，我仔细考察了奥斯卡·拉方丹的政策理念，他对新自由主义进行了猛烈的批判，并将稳定货币和管制短期资本流动的国际合作作为全球化时代的重要政治任务。

At the last state of this research program I want to summarize my research results as following1) I took up the controversy over the economic policy in the 1920's in Germany, which was called "Cassel-controversy" at that time. Gustav Cassel asserted that the economic stagnation in Europe of those days was caused by it, that the investment was restricted by the reinforcement of trade unions and the development of the welfare state. A social democrat, Emil Lederer opposed him and argued that it was necessary to take measures to boost the economy and industry policy in order to change the old industrial structure.2) The innovation of the economic liberalism began in the 1930's. In this process the great depression and Fascism played a great role. The economic liberals maintained that "liberal interventionism" should be introduced in order to destroy the political pluralism and to bring the equilibrium to imperfect competition markets. I could make clear this relationship between the economic liberals and "strong state" as Nazi Germany through the investigation of the works of the leaders of the new economic liberalism of those days, those of E.v. Beckerath, H. Stackelberg, L.Miksch, W.Eucken and A.Rustow.3) I paid attention to the political meanings of the perspective of social historical integration in the context of globalization and stressed the importance of a viewpoint of the positive and negative integration. From this viewpoint I examined closely the policy concept of Oskar Lafontaine, who criticized the new liberalism furiously and proposed as the important political tasks in the age of globalization the international cooperation for stabilization of currency and regulation of movement of short-term capital.