INFLUENCE OF AN ARTIFICIAL DISTURBANCE LIKE CUTTING ON SUBURBAN SECONDARY FOREST TO BIOTOPE AND FOREST ENVIRONMENT

随着郊区次生林的退化和社会对它们的再利用意识的提高，重新维护它们的活动正在迅速开展。然而，它们大多着眼于改善市民生活的舒适性，并没有重视与传统第一产业的关系。本研究的目的是从生态环境角度探讨次生林经营后森林环境的变化。这些研究地点建立在两个被忽视了50多年的小流域上，即神木实验森林、京都大学森林。一个分水岭是非托管站点，而另一个分水岭是托管站点。每个遗址都有上、中、下三块地块。由于松材线虫病，每一片森林都在从日本红松林变成日本柏林。1999年，进行了一次调查，以便在进行管理前了解森林状况。管理层(Strong…更多的间伐)于2000年1月进行。间伐后，对森林环境、表土运动、经营前后种子更新情况的比较、经营后林木更新的痕迹、从植被变化的角度评价边缘效应、经营后森林植被的变化、地面节肢动物群落组成的变化、经营样地鸟类粪便和种子供应的变化等方面进行了大量的跟踪研究。同时，也从森林计量和经济的角度收集了一些关于经营本身的实用信息。通过4年的研究，对森林环境的变化、表层土壤运动的增加和微地貌堆积与侵蚀的差异、树种苗木在经营样地中的分布、种子库出苗、林木个体年际变化及其重要性的评价、留存树木存在的重要性、从鸟类更新和散播种子的角度出发，对增加物种多样性管理的具体作用、管理对地面节肢动物群落组成的影响等方面进行了大量的调查研究。较少

According to the degradation of suburban secondary forests and a rise of social awareness concerning to reusing them, the activities to maintain them again are carried out briskly. However most of them mainly aim at the improvement of amenity for citizens and don't regard the relationship with the traditional primary industries important. This study was practiced with the object to pursue the change of forest environment after the management of the secondary forest from the ecological and environmental views. The research sites were established on two small watersheds neglected more than 50 years is Kamigamo Experimental Forest, Kyoto University Forests. One watershed is unmanaged site and another managed. Each site has three plots on upper, middle and lower parts. Every forest has been changing from Japanese Red Pine forest to Japanese Cypress forest by the pine wilt disease. On 1999 the survey to understand the conditions of forests before management was done. The management (strong … More thinning) was carried out on January, 2000. After the thinning work a lot of follow-up researches have been practiced concerning to forest environment, movement of topsoil, comparison of regeneration condition by seed before and after management, trace of regeneration by coppice after management, evaluation of edge effect from the view of vegetation change, change of forest vegetation after management, change of the component of ground arthropod community, change of bird droppings and seed supply on managed plots, and so on. At the same time some practical information of the management itself from the view of forest measurement and economy were also collected. Through four years researches, as a result, a lot of knowledge concerned to change of forest environment, increase of movement of topsoil and difference of an accumulation and an erosion by micro landform, distribution of seedlings of tree species in managed plots, emergence of seedlings from seed bank, annual change of coppicing individuals and the evaluation of their importance, importance of the existence of kept trees from the view of seedling regeneration and seed dispersion by birds, specific effects of management to the increase of species diversity, influence of management to the component of ground arthropod community, and so on were investigated. Less