Computer-assisted quantification of various brain diseases

使用赠款购买的计算机对各种脑部疾病进行量化。结果如下。1)206例接受他克莫司治疗的患者中有14例发生神经系统并发症。对14例患者进行了包括弥散加权（DW）成像在内的脑部MR检查。所有患者的病变显示高于正常的表观扩散系数（ADC）的初始图像显示在后续的MR检查完全解决。病变显示低于正常ADC的患者在随访MR研究中显示不完全消退伴椎板坏死。DW成像被证明是预测他克莫司引起的神经毒性病变的结果的有用的; 2）10例海绵状血管瘤患者进行常规自旋回波、快速自旋回波和梯度回波MR成像。用计算机测量海绵状血管瘤、苍白球、壳核和深部白色物质的信号强度。结果表明，梯度回波图像为含铁血黄素提供了最显著的对比，而常规自旋回波图像为铁蛋白提供了最显著的对比。3）对12例分娩14个月以上的妇女进行垂体MRI检查。用计算机测量垂体体积和T1信号强度。结果表明，垂体体积和T1信号强度在前6个月迅速下降，随后6个月逐渐下降。4）应用计算机绘制急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿全脑磁化传递率直方图（MTRH）。化疗后MTRH的峰高较低，这可能表明MTRH可以检测显微镜下治疗诱导的脱髓鞘。5）计算各种头颈部肿瘤的ADC值。良性肿瘤的ADC值明显低于恶性肿瘤。

Quantification of various brain diseases was performed using a computer which was purchased with the grant. The results are as follows. 1) Fourteen patients among 206 patients receiving tacrolimus developed neurological complications. Brain MR studies, including diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging, were performed in the 14 patients. All the patients whose lesions showed higher than normal apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on initial MR images showed complete resolution on follow-up MR study. The patient whose lesion showed lower than normal ADC showed incomplete resolution with laminar necrosis on a follow-up MR study. DW imaging was proved to be useful in predicting the outcomes of the lesions of tacrolimus-induced neurotoxicity ; 2) Conventional spin-echo, fast spin-echo, and gradient-echo MR imaging was performed in 10 patients with cavernous hemanigoma. Signal intensities of the cavernous hemangioma, globus pallidus, putamen, and deep white matter were measured using the computer. It was proved that gradient-echo images provide most prominent contrast for hemosiderin and conventional spin-echo images provide most prominent contrast for ferritin. ; 3) MR imaging of the pituitary was performed for 12 women who delivered a baby every month for up to 14 months. Volume and T1-signal intensity of the pituitary were measured with use of the computer. It was revealed that the volume and T1-signal intensity of the pituitary decreases rapidly in the first 6 months, and gradually in the following 6 months. ; 4) Whole-brain magnetization transfer ratio histogram (MTRH) was generated using the computer in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. The peak height of the MTRH was lower after chemotherapy, which may suggest that MTRH can detect microscopic treatment-induced demyelination. ; 5) ADC was calculated in various head and neck tumors. ADC of benign tumors was significantly lower that of malignant tumors.