Effect of oral contraception drug on heterosexual transmission with murin retrovirus model

小鼠的性周期由4个阶段组成，即每4或5天一次的发情期、发情中期、间情期和发情前期。用200 μl PBS冲洗小鼠阴道，取出材料。通过阴道涂片和小鼠获得性免疫缺陷综合征病毒（MAIDS）载量判断性期，用ELISA法测定标本中趋化因子的含量。用雌激素控制小鼠性周期，XC空斑试验显示动情后期的病毒载量是其它性周期的10倍。这种现象表明病毒存在吸引机制。我们尝试用RT-PCR方法检测某些因子。MIP-1α在动情后期被检测到，ELISA法检测结果显示动情后期MIP-1α水平最高。MIP-1α可通过血管吸引巨噬细胞和部分淋巴细胞。动情后期病毒载量高的原因可能与MIP-1α水平有关。为了证实这一现象，需要用抗MIP-1α抗体进行抑制试验。在动情后期，MAIDS小鼠的MIP-1α水平明显高于未感染小鼠。推测发情后期是埃博拉病毒异性感染中非常危险的时期。如果某些药物具有延长动情间期的作用，则可能有助于逆转录病毒通过异性接触传播。

Mice sexual cycles consist of 4 phases, estrus, met estrus, diestrus, and proestrus at every 4 or 5 days. We took the materials from mice by washing vaginal cavity with 200 μl PBS. The sexual phase was judged by the vaginal smear and the virus load of murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virus (MAIDS) and the content of chemokines in samples was measured by ELISA. The mice were treated with estrogen to control sexual cycles.The viral load of metestrus period is shown ten times higher than that of other murine sexual cycles with XC plaque assay. This phenomenon shows the presence of attractive mechanisms for virus. We tried to detect some factors with RT-PCR. MIP-1α is detected in metestrus period and the measurements with ELISA show MIP-1α level in metestrus period is the highest among the sexual cycles. MIP-1α can attract macrophages and some lymphocytes through blood vessels. The reason for high virus load in metestrus may be dependent to MIP-1α level. The inhibition test with anti MIP-1α antibody is necessary to confirm t his phenomenon. Interestingly, MIP-1α levels of MAIDS mice is higher than those of uninfected mice in metestrus period. The metestrus period is speculated to be very dangerous in heterosexual infection of retorovirus. If some drugs have the function to keep metestrus period more longer, they may assist the spread of retrovirus infection by heterosexual contacts.