Study of action control using vector analysis of surrounding space

头部在旋转过程中倾斜会产生奇怪的感觉，在黑暗中检查时会出现身体摇摆和眼震。然而，这些现象并不是在黑暗中唤起的。这种差异可以简单地解释，假设大脑中有一个周围外部世界的矢量。本研究旨在回答以下问题：a)视觉和非视觉条件在快速旋转时的差异是否成立；b)重复刺激对适应的影响有多大；c)视觉和非视觉条件下的训练效果是否不同；d)对科里奥利刺激的适应是否符合向量分析的假设。1999年，我们将电脑控制的转椅改造为转台。2000年，我们调查了在不同速度下科里奥利刺激时站立的成功率。虽然视力和非视力在50度/S时的成功率不同，但在70度/S和更快的速度下，成功率没有差异。2001年，我们研究了有视力(N=10)和无视力(N=10)对成功站立的旋转速度的训练效果和习得站立能力的性质。经过每天20分钟的科里奥利刺激训练，无论视力状况如何，超过一半的受试者都能站在200度/S。训练后的反向旋转降低了站姿，与训练前相似。相比之下，训练后对抗侧倾的站姿几乎等于前倾。我们将本研究总结为：a)站姿对科里奥利刺激迅速适应；b)最大旋转速度远远超过200°/S；c)视觉不影响训练效果；d)空间定向对科里奥利刺激的适应可以通过将参考系从静止空间转移到旋转空间来解释。

Tilting of the head during rotation produces strange sensation, body sways and nystagmus when examined in the dark. However, these phenomena are not evoked in the dark. The difference may be simply explained supposing a vector of surrounding outer world in the brain. The present study was done to answer following questions : a) whether the difference between vision and non-vision conditions hold good at fast rotations; b) how far adaptation proceeds by repetitive stimuli; c) whether training effects are different between vision and non-vision conditions; d) whether adaptation against Coriolis stimulation fits the hypothesis of vector analysis. In 1999, we modified a computer-controlled rotating chair into a rotating platform. In 2000, we investigated success rates of stance during Coriolis stimulation at different speeds. Although success rates differed between vision and non-vision conditions at 50 deg/s, they did not differ at 70 deg/s and faster speeds. In 2001, we studied training effects with (N=10) and without vision (N=10) on rotating velocities for successful stance and nature of acquired standing abilities. After daily 20-min-long training with Coriolis stimulation, more than half of the subjects could stand at 200 deg/s irrespective of visual condition. Reversed rotation after training degraded stance similarly as before training. In contrast, stance against lateral tilting was almost equal to forward tilting after training. We summarize the present study as follows, a) stance became quickly adapted itself to Coriolis stimulation; b) maximum rotation speed far exceeds 200 deg/s; c) vision does not influence training effect; d) adaptation of spatial orientation to Coriolis stimulation may be explained by a transfer of reference frame from stationary space to rotating space.