Activity of daily living and quality of life in patients with and without hip fracture

受试者为两组，每组75例因髋部骨折（Fx患者）或其他慢性疾病（非Fx患者）入院治疗的患者。ADL和QOL分别采用工具性ADL问卷（IADL）和PGC士气量表评估。采用邮件调查的方式评估入院前和随访时的生活自理能力以及随访时的生活质量，然后由护士进行访谈或电话确认答案。在随访期间出现精神疾病或痴呆、住院或死亡的患者被排除在外。结果分析了50例髋部骨折和57例其他情况的患者。Fx组和非Fx组患者的平均年龄和住院天数分别为80.3±7.2岁和74.7±6.4岁，90.4±45.4天和73.5±155.0天。与非Fx患者相比，Fx患者在随访时出现低IADL评分的频率更高（p<0.01）。Fx患者随访时的IADL评分明显较低。Fx患者有亲密朋友的比例明显低于非Fx患者（P<0.05）。然而，无论骨折与否，在寺庙或神社做礼拜或参加选举的习俗都得到了类似的维持。Fx和非Fx患者的PGC评分没有差异。骨折患者的生活质量（IADL、社会活动、PGC）对出院计划的指导应是重要的。

The subjects were 2 groups of 75 patients who admitted to a hospital for the treatment of hip fracture(Fx patients)or other chronic conditions(non-Fx patients). ADL and QOL were assessed using the instrumental ADL questionnaire(IADL)and the PGC morale scale, respectively. IADL before the admission and at follow-up and QOL at follow-up were evaluated by a mail survey followed by interviews or telephone calls by nurses for the confirmation of answers. Patients who developed mental illness or dementia, were institutionalized or died during the follow-up were excluded. Consequently 50 patients with hip fractures and 57 with other conditions were analyzed. The average age and days of hospital stay of Fx and non-Fx patients were 80.3±7.2 vs 74.7±6.4 years and 90.4±45.4vs 73.5±l15.0 days, respectively. The subjects with low IADL score at follow-up were more frequent in Fx patients than in non-Fx patients(p<0.01). IADL score at follow-up was significantly lower in Fx patients. Having intimate friends was significantly less common in Fx patients than in non-Fx patients(P<0.05). However, custom of worship at a temple or shrine or participation to elections was maintained similarly regardless of the fracture. There was no difference in the PGC score between Fx and non-Fx patients. The fracture patient's QOL(IADL, social activities, PGC)for a discharge plan should be important in the guidance to patients.