Effects of regularly performed resistance training on body composition, plasma lipid profiles, and bone health status in middle-aged women

本研究的目的是确定阻力训练对中年女性的生理、生理和生化影响。将阻力训练的效果与慢跑、游泳、网球等不同训练方式进行比较。此外，中年和年轻的不锻炼的女性也参加了控制。每个受试者都完成了他们的食物记录，并估计了卡路里和主要营养素的摄入量。女性耐力跑步者的血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)水平显著高于女性抵抗力训练者和久坐不动的女性对照组。阻力训练者和对照组在高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平上没有显著差异。无论是跑步者还是耐力训练者，当每天训练时间、每周训练频率和每周里程与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇相关时，都没有发现显著的剂量-反应关系。女性的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平与特定的训练方法有关。研究结果表明，游泳组的平均骨形成值明显低于阻力训练组和慢跑/跑动组。结果还表明，阻力训练组和慢跑/跑动组的平均骨吸收值显著低于游泳和非运动对照组。游泳组的解偶联指数显著大于慢跑/跑动组和对照组。与游泳等非负重活动相关的低水平冲击似乎对骨形成产生负面影响。这些发现支持了高应变率更有效地诱导新骨形成的理论。从本研究的结果来看，阻力训练是维持和改善中年女性身体、生理和生化健康状况的有效运动方式。

The purpose of this study is to determine the physical, physiological, and biochemical effects of resistance training in middle-aged women. The results of resistance training was compared with another different training modes, such as jogging/running, swimming, and tennis. Furthermore, middle-aged and young non-exercise women took part in the controls. Each subject completed their food records and caloric and major nutrient intakes were estimated.Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels was significantly higher in female endurance runners than in equal groups of female resistive trainers and sedentary female controls. Resistive trainers and controls showed no significant differences in HDL-C. No significant dose-response relationships were found for either runners or resistive trainers when daily training duration, weekly training frequency, and weekly mileage were correlated with HDL-C. It was concluded that HDL-C levels in females are associated with specific training methods.The results of this study indicate that mean bone formation values were significantly less in the swimming group than in the resistive trained and jogging/running groups. The results also determined that mean bone resorption values were significantly less in the resistive trained and jogging/running groups than in the swimming and non-exercise control groups. The uncoupling index was significantly greater in the swimming group than in the jogging/running and control groups. That the low levels of impact associated with non-weight-bearing activities, such as swimming, appear to negatively influence bone formation. These findings support the theory that high strain rates are more effective at inducing new bone formation.From the results of this study, it was concluded that resistance training is effective exercise mode to maintain and improve physical, physiological, and biochemical health status in middle-aged women.