Effects of endocrine disrupters on function of thyroid gland, adrenal glands and gonads

本研究以雄性和雌性大鼠为实验对象，研究了异种雌激素双酚A(BPA)和辛基酚(OP)对生殖功能的影响。结果表明，BPA和OP对睾丸功能有直接抑制作用。与下丘脑-垂体轴相比，睾丸可能是BPA和OP作用更敏感的部位。另一方面，新生雌性大鼠暴露在较高剂量的OP下，扰乱了黄体生成素、卵泡刺激素和催乳素的循环释放，干扰了成年后性接受行为的表现。Hatano高、低回避动物(Has和Laas)是从SpragueDawley大鼠中选择性繁殖的，在回避学习、运动活动、青春期、发情周期、精子活力、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴和免疫反应方面具有品系内分离的特点。因此，本研究旨在比较哺乳期暴露于金雀异黄素(一种植物雌激素)对HAAS和LAAS之间这些功能的影响。…为了达到这个目的，两个品系的小鼠都被培养到Spraogue-Dawley大鼠身上，这些大鼠从怀孕第17天到出生后第21天一直服用。在LAAS中，金雀异黄素处理的母鼠所饲养的后代的青春期显著延迟，而在HAAS中未观察到金雀异黄素对其青春期的显著影响。经金雀异黄素处理后饲养的雄性哈氏哈斯的野外活动显著增加。经金雀异黄素处理的母鸡的淋巴细胞数量和对绵羊红细胞的抗体产生反应显著降低。在发情周期、学习行为、精子活力和生殖器官重量方面，没有发现与金雀异黄素相关但与品系相关的差异。这些结果表明染料木素对哺乳期暴露的大鼠的行为、生殖和免疫反应有内分泌干扰作用。这些结果还表明，两个遗传品系的大鼠在内分泌干扰作用上存在明显差异。较少

The present study investigated the effects of a xenobiotic estrogen, Bisphenol A(BPA)and Octylphenol(OP)on reproductive functions using male and female rats. Results indicated that BPA and OP directly inhibit testicular functions. The testis is probably a more sensitive site for BPA and OP actions than the hypothalamus-pituitary axis. On the other hand, the exposure of neonatal female rats to higher doses of OP disrupts the cyclic release of LH, FSH and prolactin, and interferes with the display of sexual receptive behavior in adulthood.The Hatano high- and low-avoidance animals(HAAs and LAAs), selectively bred from Sprague-Dawley rats, are characterized as an intra-strain dissociation in avoidance learning, locomotor activity, puberty, estrous cycles, sperm motility, hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis and immune response. The present study was therefore designed to compare the effects of lactational exposure to genistein, a phytoestrogen, on those functions between HAAs and LAAs. … More To this aim, litters from both strains were fostered onto Sprague-Dawley rats, which were administered from gestational day 17 to postnatal day 21. In LAAs, puberty was significantly delayed in the both sexes of offspring reared by genistein-treated dams compared with those by vehicle-treated dams, whereas no significant effects of genistein on puberty were observed in HAAs. Open field activity was significantly increased in male HAAs that reared by genistein-treated dams. The number of lymphocytes and antibody production response to sheep red blood cells were significantly decreased in HAAs reared by genistein-treated dams. No genistein-related but strain-related differences were detected in estrous cycling, learning behavior, sperm motility and weight of reproductive organs. These results demonstrated that genistein has endocrine disrupting effects on behavior, reproduction and immune response of rats when exposures during lactation. These results also indicated that there are clear differences of endocrine disrupting effects in two genetically selected strain rats. Less