An educational program for clothing pattern planning based on morphological aspect of human body

我们开展了一个教育项目，作为让学生认识到正确分析三维物体时准确描述的重要性的第一步。该方案包括在服装图案规划教学中应用描述几何，并取得了成功。该课程的目标之一是让学生对服装图案规划有一个理论思路。有了清晰的造型概念，学生能够形象地理解人体的三维形状与服装图案之间的关系。并且学生能够认识到服装图案的构造与人体的形态方面是密切相关的。关于如何表现人体和如何分析人体的教材有两种。前者的内容是让学生掌握一些投影方法，尤其是人体的正交投影和辅助投影。在后者中，材料被直接用于处理两个几何形状的交集，这两个几何形状是由两个相邻的人体部分建模的，例如躯干和上臂。现有人体的分层横截面也被用来学习人体应该如何建模和发展。人体表面发育的精细近似被视为基本服装图案的基本图形。因此，学生需要分析人体模型的各种形状特征（如姿势，身体构造，运动等）与其表面发展之间的关系。结果使学生们更好地掌握了精心设计的基本服装图案所需的那种过程。

We conducted an educational program as an initial step in getting students to recognize the importance of accurate description in the proper analysis of 3-dimensional objects. The program, which consisted of an application of descriptive geometry in the teaching of clothing pattern planning, met with success. One of the goals of the course was to give students a theoretical line of thinking about clothing pattern planning. With a clear concept of modeling, the students are able to visualize and understand the relationship between 3-dimensional shape of human body and a clothing pattern. And the students are able to recognize that clothing pattern construction is closely related to the morphological aspect of the human body.Two types of teaching materials were developed concerning how to represent human body and how to analyze it. In the former, materials consisted of having students acquire some projection methods, especially orthogonal projection and auxiliary projection of human body. In the latter, materials were directed at the handling of the intersection of two geometrical shapes which have been modeled from two adjacent human body segments, such as a trunk and upper arm. Layered cross-sections of an existing human body were also used as to learn how human figure should be modeled and developed. The carefully approximated surface development of human body was regarded as the fundamental figure of the basic clothing pattern. Thus the students were required to analyze relationships between various shape characteristics of a human body model such as posture, body build, motion, etc., and its surface development. The results gave students a better grasp of the kind of process required for a well-planned basic clothing pattern.