How mammalian males indirectly control transmission of paternal traits.

这个项目的目的是解决如何环境侮辱在受孕之前的男性能够改变后代的表型。该项目希望在一个关键的生物学途径中产生基础知识，了解精子在受孕时传递的非遗传因素如何能够对发育中的胚胎的生长进行编程。从这个项目中产生的知识将为应对和潜在地减轻环境变化对哺乳动物生殖系统的影响提供理解和生物学选择。

This project aims to address how environmental insults in males prior to conception are able to modify phenotype of subsequent offspring. This project expects to generate fundamental knowledge in a key biological pathway on how non-genetic factors delivered by sperm at conception are able to program the growth of the developing embryo.The knowledge generated from this project will provide understanding and biological options for responding to, and potentially mitigating the impacts of environmental change on the mammalian reproductive system.