Comparative Study of the Social Pedagogue's (Sozialpaedagoge's) Qualification and Training in Germany and Japan

1.在德国，社会教育工作者（Sozialpaedagoge）的资格和培训源于19世纪末至20世纪初的四次运动和政策。即：(1)弗里德里希·福禄贝尔开始的幼儿园和托儿所护士的培训，(2)妇女运动领袖开始的女社会工作者（Sozialarbeiter）的培训，(3)普鲁士政府的青年教育政策，(4)改造教育的改进。目前，社会教师的培养主要在大学一级的专门学院（Fachhochschule）和大学的教育部门进行。关于目前的社会教育学课程设置，高校与教育部门之间存在着很大的差异。大学的课程设置包括许多实践性强且直接面对现实生活的必修课。从本研究中可以发现，这些国家在社会教育者的资格和培养方面的差异可以概括为三点。(1)在高校和大学教育系社会教育学德语课程中。，实训在福利设施、机关、事业单位等，都有着十分重要的地位。由此可见，理论与实践相结合的社会教师培养在德国得到了牢固的保存。(2)德国社会教育者和社会工作者具有相同的统一资格（diplomatic - sozialpaedagoge /Sozialarbeiter等）。当大学或大学毕业时，这是非常重要的。寻找他的工作。在德国，许多社会教师从事青年服务工作。相比之下，在日本，这一领域的职位很少。我要强调在日本所有城市增加新职位的必要性。

1.In Germany, the qualification and training of social pedagogue (Sozialpaedagoge) has its roots in four movements and policies between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. That is, (1)training of kindergartner and nursery nurse which Friedrich Froebel began, (2)training of woman social worker (Sozialarbeiter) which the leader of the women's movement began, (3)youth education policy by Prussian Government, (4)improvement of reformatory education.2.At present, social pedagogue is trained mainly in special college at university lebel (Fachhochschule) and educational department of university. About the present curriculum of social pedagogue, there are a lot of differences between college and educational department. The curriculum in college includes many required subjects which are practical and face up directly to real life.3.From this study it was founded that the differences in the qualification and training of social pedagogue between these countries can be summarized in three points. (1)In the German curriculum of social pedagogue, both in college and in educational department of uni., practical training in welfare facilities, offices, institutions and so on, have a very important position. From this fact we see that a combination of theorie and practice in social pedagogue's training has been firmly preserved in Germany. (2)German social pedagogue and social worker have the same unified qualification (Diplom-Sozialpaedagoge/Sozialarbeiter, etc.). It is of great significance when the graduate of college or uni. seeks for his employment. (3)In Germany many social pedagogues work in youth service. In Japan, by contrast, there are few positions in this field. I would like to emphasize the necessity of increasing new positions in all municipalities in Japan.