Study of Agricultural Land Iaw in legal history

根据调研实施计划，在本财年，我两次前往京都地区档案馆，3次前往群马县档案馆，以完善我从上一财年收集的数据。是为了研究群马和京都两个地区房东和租客关系的变化，参考租户纠纷表、租赁调解受理/结果报告等。为了这次调查，我在本财年几乎花了科研经费。因此，我了解到租户纠纷解决的一些形式始于1927年左右的京都案例。在这种形式下，房东和租户通过和解条款，事先指定部分农田进行收成调查，并在双方在场的情况下，根据工程师测量的刚性收成数量确定减租程度。在双方在场的情况下进行的收获调查，从江户时代开始就作为社区工作而存在。Ho…更重要的是，这种调查程序作为一项调解条款获得了法律的执行力，这是这个时代的特点。人们认为，这种制度是在房东和租客之间的对立中诞生的。因为，这一条款系统性地取消了双方的协议。与京都相比，在群马，很少有案例有减租程序的条款。而且绝大多数情况下都有只减一次租或只退耕一次的条款。我可以在Nitta-un Goudo村和Yamada-un Morita村找到例外。戈多村在全国范围内荣获“无产村”称号。这两个村庄的租户纠纷打得很激烈。因此，调解条款大多具有减租程序。但是，当我看到程序的内容时，很多案件都有由业主和租户组成的委员会。他们在这个委员会中决定减租的程度。我在群马找不到消除双方协议的机会的情况，尽管我在京都可以找到这样的消除。我可以说，在群马委员会的条款似乎是过去的“社区决定”的延伸。较少

In this fiscal year, I went to Kyoto prefectural archives twice and to Gunma prefectural archives 3 times, in order to improve the data that I have collected from last fiscal year, according to the research enforcement plan. It is to study the changes of the relationship between landlords and tenants in two areas, Gunma and Kyoto prefecture, in reference to tenant dispute tables, tenancy conciliation acceptance/result reports etc. I spent almost Grant-in-Aid for scientific research in this fiscal year for this survey.Thus, I understood that some formality of tenant dispute solution appears from about 1927 in cases of Kyoto. In this formality, landlords and tenants, by conciliation clause, previously designate some farmland for harvest survey and they decide degree of rent reduction according to rigid harvest quantity measured by engineers, in the presence of both sides. The harvest survey in the presence of both sides has existed as the community work from the Edo era for it itself. Ho … More wever, it is the characteristic in this era that such a survey procedure got legal executive force as a conciliation clause. It is thought that such a system was born at the top of opposition between landlords and tenants. Because, this clause has systematically eliminated the agreement between both sides.In comparison to Kyoto, in Gunma, there are few cases which have some clause of rent reduction procedure. And overwhelmingly many cases have clause of only once rent reduction or only once farmland return. I can find the exception in Nitta-gun Goudo village and Yamada-gun Morita village. Goudo village won the name as "a propertyless village" across the country. Tenant disputes were fought intensely in these 2 villages. Therefore, conciliation clause mostly have rent reduction procedure. But, when I see the contents of the procedure, many cases have "committee" which consists of landlords and tenants. They decide the degree of rent reduction in this committee. I cannot find in Gunma such cases as eliminate the opportunity of the agreement between both sides, though I can find such elimination in Kyoto. I can say that the clause about committee in Gunma appears as an extension of past "community decision". Less