Elucidation of symbiotic mechanisms in lichens used secretions from algal partner

地衣真菌中的次生代谢产物是阐明地衣共生起源的关键。据认为，藻类伙伴的分泌物促进了与地衣真菌的共生关系。在这个项目中，利用分别培养每个伙伴的技术，对藻类产生的这种化学物质进行了分离和鉴定。本项目使用了一株在分离阶段和共生阶段产生不同物质的Graphis菌株的分生菌。作为第一步，我们试图调查藻类中对地衣真菌具有生理活性的物质。考察了Lecanora和Haemomma上活性相近的物质。在Opegraph a和Graphis sp.的真菌中，在Lecanora中发现了二苯并呋喃类化合物，在血藻中发现了蒽醌类化合物。在这些项目中，检测到了具有活性的混合物，但由于物质较少，触发物质的分离和鉴定非常困难。因此，大量的群体培养是必不可少的。另一方面，这种物质似乎是稳定的。现在我们仍在继续尝试提纯这种物质。

Secondary metabolites in lichen mycobionts serve the key for clarifying the origin of lichen symbiosis. It was thought that the secretion from the algal partner promotes to build up the symbiotic relationship with lichen mycobionts. In this project, isolation and identification of such chemical substances produced by algae was performed, using the technique, which cultures each partner separately. Mycobiont from one strain of Graphis, which produces different substances between isolated stage and symbiotic stage, was used for this project. As the first step, we tried to survey substances from algae which have physiological activity to lichen mycobionts. Substances on Lecanora and Haematomma with similar acitivity was surveyed. Naphthaquinone derivatives were also discovered in mycobionts of Opegrapha and Graphis sp., dibenzofurans in Lecanora and anthraquinones in Haematomma, respectively. In those projects, mixture having activity was detected, but isolation and identification of trigger substance was very difficult because of minor substances. Thus, cultivation of a large amount of colonies is essential. On the other hand, this substance appears to be stable. Now we continue to try purification of this substance still.