Development and application of the Japanese version of effort-reward imbalance questionnaire

努力-回报不平衡问卷(ERI)的日文版是通过回译过程开发的。该量表对日本不同职业人群的信度均可接受，其效度在多项实证调查中得到了证实。验证性因素分析重现了量表的理论驱动因素结构。标准效度根据与心理和生理健康结果的相关性进行测试；ERI压力指数与几个心理生理和行为健康结果相关。根据不同社会经济阶层的压力流行率，对区分效度进行了讨论。压力措施的响应性在公司重组的真实案例中得到了证明。实证研究表明，特定人的模型成分“过度承诺”与工作场所的激励行为之间存在理论联系。在项目反应理论的基础上，考察了问卷的项目特征，并通过应用项目反应理论模型，提出了一种改进问卷格式的可能方法。追求国际可比性是未来研究的重要主题。尽管调查问卷还有进一步完善的余地，但日文版的《劳动关系调查问卷》非常适用于日本劳动人口。

The Japanese version of the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI) was developed through a back translation process. The reliability was acceptable for various Japanese working populations, and the validity was confirmed in several empirical investigations. Confirmatory factor analyses replicated the theory-driven factorial structures of the scales. The criterion validity was tested in terms of the associations with psychological and physiological health outcome ; the ERI stress indices were associated with several psycho-physiological and behavioral health outcomes. The discriminant validity was discussed in terms of the stress prevalence in various socioeconomic strata. The responsiveness of the stress measures was demonstrated in the real case of restructuring of a company. The theoretical association between the person-specific model component 'overcommitment' and motivational behavior at workplace was empirically demonstrated. The questionnaire item characteristics were examined based on the Item Response Theory, and by applying an Item Response Theory model, a possible mean to refine the questionnaire format was proposed. Pursuing the international comparability is an important theme in future study. Although there is still room to sophisticate the questionnaire, the Japanese version of the ERI questionnaire is well applicable to Japanese working populations.