Development of a Novel and Reliable Model for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Vasospasm in Rats

设计了一种新的大鼠SAH模型，并观察了可重复的诱导CVS。延迟发作和持续时间延长的时间特征，以及其对常规药物治疗的难治性，是蛛网膜下腔出血后脑动脉痉挛的标志。在我们的模型中，动脉的形态学变化不明显。在临床标本和实验模型中已经描述了诸如内皮损伤、内皮下增生、平滑肌坏死等变化，但对其真正意义没有一致的看法。在我们的痉挛模型中没有观察到局灶性神经缺损，尽管严重的动脉收缩，可能是由于侧支循环的丰富。立体定向诱导出血技术非常简单，适合进行大量的实验，如药物治疗试验。虽然模型慢性痉挛持续时间短，通常在第二天达到最大，但痉挛强度严重，并且可靠地再现了凝块（血红蛋白）-动脉（平滑肌）相互作用的现象。

A novel rat SAH model was devised and reproducible induction CVS was observed. The temporal profile of delayed onset and prolonged duration, as well as its refractoriness to conventional pharmacological treatments are the hallmarks of cerebral arterial spasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Morphological changes of the artery was not evident in our model. Changes such as damages of the endothelium, subendothelial proliferation, necrosis of the smooth muscle have been described in clinical specimens and in the experimental models, but there is no unanimous agreement on their true significance. Focal neurologic deficits are not observed in our spasm model despite severe arterial constriction, presumably due to abundance in the collateral circulation. The stereotactic technique for induction of hemorrahge is very simple and suitable for conducting a large number of experiments such as in therapeutics trial with pharmacological agents. Although duration of the chronic spasm in the model is short, typically reaching maximum on the second day, the intensity of the spasm is severe and the phenomenon of the clot (hemoglobin)-artery (smooth muscle) interaction is reliably reproduced.