SP01: Plant physiology

气候变化将增加极端事件的发生，引发物种进化和选择性地清除不适应环境的物种。植物生物量生产是不利条件下植物群落表现的一个关键响应指标。然而，在生物多样性研究中，生物量通常在整个生长季节测量一次或两次，这可能会掩盖极端事件期间和之后的季节性植物反应。由于生理过程与植物生物量生产密切相关，因此对植物生理表现进行全面和连续的评估可以提高我们对极端事件后的即时反应和恢复以及植物群落碳同化的理解。近地表遥感技术为评估这些动态变化和密集时间序列中的群落状况提供了独特的机会。因此，我们的目标是利用这一机会，通过遥感技术的应用，了解（1）植物对极端气候事件在多个层面的生理反应-从植物器官到社区-和（2）增加植物多样性是否可以降低这种极端的后果。为此，需要评估植物的基本生理性状，如叶片含水量、叶片叶绿素含量、表面温度和叶片角度，因为这些数据可以提供对植物在不同时间尺度上对干旱的反应（包括对干旱的抗性和恢复）的全面了解。我们在FOR 5000中的SP 01旨在（1）基于水文和结构功能性状评估植物群落对干旱的响应，（2）测试植物群落稳定性的不同维度的抗性和恢复，以及（3）演示如何从近端传感检索植物功能性状可以阐明生物多样性在极端事件后植物群落抗性和恢复中的作用。这些分析的数据采集将在耶拿主实验、Ectrons的ResCUE实验和温室TraitCoMic实验中进行。面对现实世界和模拟极端气候事件的负面影响，我们分析了生物多样性如何在非常精细的空间和时间分辨率下保护生态系统的功能。我们的具体目标是与其他SP合作，利用遥感技术首次在社区层面上对胁迫条件下的短期植物生理反应。

Climate change will increase the occurrence of extreme events that trigger both species evolution and selective removal of not well-acclimated species. Plant biomass production is a key response indicator of plant community performance under unfavorable conditions. However, in biodiversity research, biomass is usually measured once or twice throughout the growing season, which may hide seasonal plant responses during and after extreme events. As physiological processes are closely related to plant biomass production, a comprehensive and continuous assessment of plant physiological performance can improve our understanding of immediate responses to and recovery after extreme events and, consequently, carbon assimilation of the plant community. Near-surface remote sensing technology offers a unique opportunity to assess these dynamic changes and the community condition in dense time series. We hence aim to use this opportunity to understand through the application of remote sensing techniques (1) the physiological response of plants to extreme climate events at multiple levels - from plant organs to communities -, and (2) whether increasing plant diversity may lower the consequences of such extremes. For that, an assessment of fundamental physiological plant traits such as leaf water content, leaf chlorophyll content, surface temperature, and leaf angles are required, because these data can provide a holistic understanding of plant responses to drought at different time scales (including resistance to and recovery from the event). Our SP01 in FOR5000 intends to (1) assess plant community responses to drought based on hydrological and structural-functional traits, (2) test plant community resistance and recovery in different dimensions of community stability, and (3) demonstrate how plant functional traits retrieved from proximal sensing can elucidate the role of biodiversity role in plant community resistance to and recovery after extreme events. Data acquisition for these analyses will be conducted in the Main Jena Experiment, the ResCUE Experiment at the Ecotrons, and the greenhouse TraitCoMic Experiment. Facing the negative impacts of real-world and simulated extreme climate events, we analyze how biodiversity can safeguard the functioning of ecosystems at a very fine spatial and temporal resolution. We specifically aim to address in collaboration with the other SPs for the first-time short-term plant physiological responses to stressful conditions at the community level using remote sensing techniques.