Detection of invasive plant species and assessment of their impact on ecosystem properties through remote sensing (DIARS)

通过遥感检测入侵植物物种并评估其对生态系统特性的影响（DIARS）

• 批准号: 242875703
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Hannes Feilhauer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Geographie und Geoökologie (IFGG)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/242875703?language=en
• 关键词: Detection; invasive; plant; species; assessment

The biodiversity conservation policy of the European Commission includes the development of warning and rapid response systems for biological invasions and urges further investigations of their impacts on ecosystem function and services. However, field-based approaches to mapping invasive species distribution and their impact across landscapes is a time consuming process and potentially subject to observation bias. In practice, impact assessments and management evaluations for invasive plant species are therefore often limited to the analysis of plot-based investigations. A generalization of such field data to landscape and regional scales is necessary in order to fully understand the impact of the invasion, and the effectiveness of management measures.The lack of methods to generate standardized spatially and temporally explicit data on the occurrence and spread of invasive species and especially on their ecosystem impact hampers the development of an operational warning system. It is further detrimental to our capacity to rapidly assess the risks of biological invasion. Remote sensing provides a systematic, objective, and synoptic view on Earth cover. This technique hence offers a great opportunity to target biological invasion and their impact across various spatial and temporal scales.Despite a handful studies that have followed a remote sensing approach, the use of remote sensing for studying biological invasions is largely underexplored and underused by invasion biologists. The objectives of the proposed research are twofold. The first objective is to demonstrate and to characterize the ecosystem impact of invasive plant species through the combined use of field data and remotely sensed data (covering the call's scientific theme T1). The second task is to support monitoring, prediction of spread and risk assessment of invasive plant species as preconditions for management measures and mitigation (T2). The more specific research objectives are to:1 quantify, study and better understand the effects of biological invasion on ecosystem properties, through methods of remote sensing. A special focus will be on the interaction between structural properties and biochemical properties with their implications for ecosystem functioning. The outcomes of this task include assessments of possible changes in carbon uptake induced by invasions;2 Develop and validate an approach to create accurate fine scale baseline maps and predictive models of the distribution of invasive plant species at the landscape scale;3 Assess possibilities and constraints for generalization across ecosystems and invasive species;4 Develop and disseminate a toolbox for the detection, mapping and prediction of the distribution of invasive plant species at the landscape scale, and to assess their impact on ecosystem properties;5 Provide knowledge transfer and a hands-on training for ecologists, conservation biologists, policy makers and landscape managers across.

欧洲联盟委员会的生物多样性保护政策包括建立生物入侵预警和快速反应系统，并敦促进一步调查生物入侵对生态系统功能和服务的影响。然而，以实地为基础的方法来绘制入侵物种分布及其对景观的影响是一个耗时的过程，并可能受到观察偏差。因此，在实践中，对入侵植物物种的影响评估和管理评价往往局限于基于地块的调查分析。为了充分了解入侵的影响和管理措施的有效性，有必要将这种实地数据推广到景观和区域尺度，缺乏方法来生成关于入侵物种发生和传播的标准化空间和时间明确数据，特别是关于其生态系统影响的方法阻碍了业务预警系统的发展。这进一步损害了我们迅速评估生物入侵风险的能力。遥感提供了一个系统的，客观的，对地球覆盖的天气视图。因此，这项技术提供了一个很好的机会，有针对性的生物入侵及其影响，在各种空间和时间scales.Despite少数研究，遵循遥感方法，利用遥感研究生物入侵在很大程度上是underexplored和未充分利用的入侵生物学家。拟议的研究有两个目的。第一个目标是通过结合使用实地数据和遥感数据（涵盖呼吁的科学主题T1），展示入侵植物物种对生态系统的影响并确定其特征。第二项任务是支持监测、预测入侵植物物种的扩散和风险评估，以此作为管理措施和缓解措施的先决条件（T2）。具体的研究目标是：1、通过遥感手段，量化、研究和更好地了解生物入侵对生态系统特性的影响。一个特别的重点将是结构特性和生物化学特性之间的相互作用及其对生态系统功能的影响。这项任务的成果包括评估入侵引起的碳吸收可能发生的变化;2制定并验证一种方法，以创建精确的精细尺度基线图和入侵植物物种在景观尺度上分布的预测模型;3评估在生态系统和入侵物种之间进行推广的可能性和限制因素; 4.开发和传播一个工具箱，用于探测、测绘和预测入侵植物物种在景观尺度上的分布，并评估其对生态系统特性的影响; 5为生态学家、保护生物学家、政策制定者和景观管理者提供知识转移和实践培训。