Development of Buddhist Epistemology and Logic: from Dignaga to Dharmakirti

本项目旨在从本体（Ontology）、认识论（Epistemology）、逻辑学（logic）和语言哲学（Linguistic Philosophy）四个角度，对印度佛教两位伟大的逻辑学家Dignaga和Dharmakirti的认识论逻辑体系进行比较，从而了解他们之间的差异，追溯4世纪末至7世纪印度佛教逻辑的历史发展。在过去的四年里，我研究Dignaga的主要目的是为《Nyayamukha》提供一个完整的英文注释译本，而这个译本只有文言文译本。当我从事这项工作时，我试图利用新发现的梵文真南陀罗佛的《pramanasamuckaya -tika》手稿。然后我得出结论，尽管我已经完成了前半部分的注释翻译，但后半部分的评论版应该在我出版前半部分的翻译之前完成。同时，我发表了几篇关于Dignaga逻辑中一些重要技术术语的学术论文，例如，drstanta, paksa， sapaksa和vipaksa。关于法身，我发表了一篇论文，讨论了他的本体论，以及《般若论》中般若论一章开头部分的日文翻译，以及Manorathanandin的《般若论》，以便为研究他的认识论提供一些材料。我还完成了三篇关于法身的未发表论文，内容涉及他的“解脱之道”、“其他心存在的证明”和“实相的概念”。这就是我四年学习的大致情况。我准备了一本小册子，里面包含了我发表的与本项目有关的大部分论文。在未来的岁月里，我将继续努力完成吉内德拉布迪《提卡》的批判版。因此，我将能够澄清Dignaga和Dharmakirti的认识论和逻辑之间的区别。

The aim of this project is to compare the systems of epistemological logic of Dignaga and Dharmakirti two great logicians of Indian Buddhism, from the four angles, namely, Ontology, Epistemology, Logic and Linguistic Philosophy, so that we will be able to see the differences between them and to trace the historical development of Buddhist logic in India from the end of the fourth century to the seventh century.The main aim of my Dignaga study for the past four years was to produce a fully annotated English translation of the Nyayamukha that is only available in classical Chinese translation. When I pursued that work, I tried to utilize the newly discovered Sanskrit Manuscript of Jinendrabuddhi's Pramanasamuccaya-tika. Then I came to the conclusion that the critical edition of the latter should be completed before I publish the translation of the former, though I have already finished the first half of the annotated translation. Meanwhile I published a couple of academic papers on some important technical terms of Dignaga's logic e.g., drstanta, paksa, sapaksa and vipaksa.Regarding Dharmakirti, I published a paper which discusses his Ontology as well as Japanese translation of the beginning portion of the Pratyaksa chapter of the Pramanavarttika together with Manorathanandin's vrtti in order to present some materials for the study of his Epistemology. I also completed three unpublished papers on Dharmakirit which deal with his‘path to liberation', ‘proof of the existence of other minds' and ‘the concept of svabhava'.That is a rough sketch of my four years study. I prepared a booklet which contains most of my published papers related to the present project. In the years to come I shall try to continue to work on the critical edition of Jinendrabuddhi's tika. As a result I will be able to clarify the differences between Dignaga's and Dharmakirti's Epistemology and Logic.