The Iconographic and Doctrinal Study of the Senchu yugen Kannon Painting

在2001财年，我仔细研究了这幅画--《千古玉根观音》，这幅观音菩萨突然出现在从高屋山上的琉球寺送库凯去中国的船上。在过去的这一财年里，我继续我的研究，收集了关于这幅图像的来源，并追踪了它的理论背景。虽然这个人物一直被认为是Kannon，但宁定寺一幅画和MOA博物馆的Shoson Zuzo中的一幅图像中类似的图像的铭文表明，这位佛像是Issai Nenju gyoji koto(所有念咒仪式的主礼人)，这一定是该图像的原始名称。Shoson Zuzo是基于等级的各种佛教图像的插图卷轴。然而，目前还没有研究解释这些画是做什么用的。因此，在过去的一年里，我考察了以下几个方面。宁夏画上梵文铭文的完整解读。The Placem…比起MOA Shoson zuzo中的其他神灵，Issai Nenju Kyoji koto更有价值。《浅草》是一部关于深奥教义和仪式的128册丛书，它在图像部分的顺序与肖松祖佐进行了比较。首先，宁波寺画作上的梵文铭文，逐个字母，是Issai Nenju Kyoji koto。其次，虽然这位武士具有天人的特征，但这个人物被放在了高级佛像中。第三，在比较了这个人物在寿臣祖佐的位置和它在浅草的位置后，发现两者在两个来源中的位置都是相似的，并且很有可能这一形象被用于最秘密的秘密仪式--jisho joju gyoho，它可以在任何时间，任何地方进行。最后，在调查了jisho joju gyoho仪式后，我发现这种做法是一种秘密的神秘仪式，一直持续到江户时代，仪式的中心人物并没有出现在雕塑或绘画中，而是练习者本人，而图像起到了辅助作用。我认为，极有可能使用了Senchu Yugen Kannon作为这一身份。较少

In fiscal year 2001, I closely examined the painting, Senchu yugen Kannon (designated a National Treasure), the Avalokitesvara who suddenly appears on the ship that was taking Kukai to China, from Ryuko-in Temple on Mount Koya. During this past fiscal year, I continued my research by gathering sources on and tracing the doctrinal background of this image. Although this figure has been thought to be Kannon, inscriptions on similar images from a painting at Ninna-ji Temple and an image in the Shoson zuzo, an illustrated scroll of various Buddhist images based on rank, from the MOA Museum, identifying this Buddhist deity as Issai nenju gyoji koto (the officiant of all the mantra-chanting rituals), indicate that this must have been the original name of the image. However, there has been no research explaining what these paintings were used for. Therefore, this past year, I examined the following.1. The complete decipherment of the Sanskrit inscription on the Ninna-ji painting.2. The placem … More ent of Issai nenju gyoji koto vis-a-vis other deities in the MOA Shoson zuzo.3. Comparing the order of images in the iconography section of Asabasho, a 128-fascicle work on esoteric doctrines and rituals, to Shoson zuzo.First, the Sanskrit inscription on the Ninna-ji painting, letter for letter, is Issai nenju gyoji koto. Second, although this gyoji koto (officiant) has the features of a heavenly being, this figure is placed amongst the high-ranking Buddha images. Third, after comparing the placement of this figure in Shoson zuzo to its placement in Asabasho, it was found that the two were similarly positioned in both sources, and that there is a high likelihood that the image was used for the most secret esoteric ritual, Jisho joju gyoho, which can be performed at any time, in any place.Finally, after investigating the Jisho joju gyoho ritual, I found that this practice was a secret esoteric ritual that was performed until the Edo period and that the central figure of the ritual was not represented in a sculpture or painting, but was the practitioner himself, while images played a supportive role. I believe that it is highly likely that the Senchu yugen Kannon was used in this capacity. Less