The professionalization process of 'animateurs' and the role of associations in France.

这项研究阐明了“动画师”的职业和机构特征，这与日本的社会和社区教育工作人员是相当的。然后，同时，这项研究解释了这些协会(日本的非营利组织)对动画的性质和体系产生了什么样的影响。1)受欢迎的教育协会的志愿者在1960年后转而从事“动画人”的职业。当时，系统的培训、资格制度、社会地位等是具体职业化过程中的重要争论点。2)这一职业化过程也是角色在总体理念上的变形过程，也是国家资格中的动画师。今天，他们不仅肩负着满足教育和文化需求的角色，而且还承担着满足社会需求的角色。而他们的工作已经成为被指定为“职业社会”的职业。然而，这些都成为了…的因素3)动画师的资格、培训制度具有两个方面的特点。换句话说，首先，扩大那种回应各种社会需求的动画师资格并不一定能保证劳动力质量。的确，它带来了劳动力的分割和碎片化。其次，这些资格和制度扩大了扎根于社区的活动的基础，作为“动画师”培训组织的协会一直在努力创造就业机会。4)大多数传统的“动画师”是协会的工作者。然而，自1990年以来，公务员中的“动画师”人数正在增加。这具有非常重要的意义。因为，随着地方政府动漫部门的成立，动画师的专业能力将被公认为一个重要的争论问题。更需要协会发挥创造专业能力和发展专业能力的作用。较少

This research clarified the professional and institutional characteristics of 'animateurs', which is comparable to the social & community education staff members in Japan. Then, at the same time, this research explained that the associations (NPOs in Japan) had what kind of impact on the character and system of animateurs.1)The volunteer of popular education associations shifted to 'animateurs' as an occupation after 1960 years. On that occasion, systematic training, qualification system, social status etc. were important points of arguments in the concrete professionalization process.2)This professionalization process was also the transfiguration process of the character in the general idea of 'animation' and the national qualification of 'animateurs'. Today, they shouldered the role of meeting not only educational & cultural needs but also social needs. And the working of them has become the occupation which was specified as 'travailleur social.' However, these became the factors of … More the difficulty and ambiguity in the definition of contents of labor of 'animateurs.'3)The qualification, training system of 'animateurs' has two aspects in that characteristic. In other words, firstly, the expansion of the kind of 'animateurs' qualification responding to various social needs doesn't necessarily succeed in securing of the labor quality. Indeed, it brings the segmentation and fragmentation of the labor. Secondly, those qualification and system have been expanding the base of the activities rooting in communities, and associations, which were training organizations of 'animateurs', have been making efforts to the creation of jobs.4)Most of conventional 'animateurs' were workers of associations. However, 'animateurs' which are civil service workers are increasing since 1990 years. This has very important meaning. Because, as 'animation' section in the local government is established, the professional competence of 'animateurs' is to be recognized as an important issue of arguments. It is all the more expected that associations should play the role of creating the professional competence and developing them more. Less