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A Study on the Ecomuseum and Adult Education in France from the perspective of "Association"

“协会”视角下的法国生态博物馆与成人教育研究

基本信息

批准号：
07610292
负责人：
IWAHASHI Keiko
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Kagoshima Women's College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The idea of 'ecomuseum' (EM) in France was defined and identified. And the cases of EM in France were analyzed. Furthermore, the circumstances of discussions about EM in Japan was considered. The findings through these working are follows : 1. The idea of EM is sure to bring a great changes into the traditional views of both 'museum' and 'education'. 2. Most of Em in France is defined as 'association museum' in the institution of museum. This means that EM is located at the lower position in the hierarchy and differentiation of personnel and equipment. However, the significance of EM as 'association museum' is very important in the terms of both collections and facilities. 3. EM and its movement in both idea and practice are not only the technology for town construction, but also the great challenge for museum and education.Furthermore to say about the above 1 in detail, we can identify five points as follows :Firstly, the idea should come to find the characteristics instinctive to the local community and to identify the significance of them in both the historical and contemporary systems of values. Secondly, the idea has instinctively critical for has been excluding local or minority cultures fromthe major and general values system. Thirdly, cultural resources collected are the legacies for people in communities, before they are for nation or national state. Fourthly, thus, their legaciesshould be managed by and controlled by people in the community. Therefore, the management of EM is to be practised by the participation of them. Finally, people are the objects of education orenlightment in the perspective of traditional museum, but now they become the subjects who are the self-determinative learners.

法国“生态博物馆”（EM）的概念得到了定义和确定。并对法国的EM案例进行了分析。此外，还考虑了日本有关 EM 的讨论情况。通过这些工作的结果如下： 1. EM的理念必将给“博物馆”和“教育”的传统观念带来巨大的改变。 2.法国大部分Em在博物馆机构中被定义为“协会博物馆”。这意味着EM在人员和设备的等级和分化中处于较低的位置。然而，EM作为“协会博物馆”的意义无论是在藏品还是设施上都是非常重要的。 3. EM及其在理念和实践上的运动，不仅是城镇建设的技术，也是对博物馆和教育的巨大挑战。进一步详细阐述上述1，我们可以明确以下五点：第一，理念应该找到当地社区本能的特征，并确定它们在历史和当代价值体系中的意义。其次，这种想法本能地批判了将当地或少数民族文化排除在主要和普遍价值体系之外的做法。第三，所收集的文化资源是社区人民的遗产，而不是民族或民族国家的遗产。第四，因此，他们的遗产应该由社区中的人们来管理和控制。因此，对EM的管理要靠他们的参与来实践。最后，在传统博物馆的视角下，人是教育或启蒙的对象，但现在他们变成了主体，即自主的学习者。