British Queer Dramas and Modern Japanese Culture

这个项目的目的是：(1)建立同性恋戏剧的新定义，(2)通过这些新的定义和理论见解来重新审视英国同性恋戏剧，以及(3)调查英国同性恋戏剧与日本现代文化之间的文化互动，日本现代文化在明治时期经历了欧洲文化产品，特别是英国文化产品的热烈传播，其中英国现代戏剧被认为对日本现代戏剧文化的形成产生了巨大影响。起点是吟游诗人。最近的研究表明，莎士比亚戏剧无疑是怪异的。他的怪癖显然影响了后来的剧作家，巴多拉托促成了莎士比亚作为一个民族诗人的形成，在这个过程中，他的怪诞以政治上无意识的方式传播。探索这种文化传播需要彻底更新同性恋和酷儿戏剧的定义，最近的酷儿理论和性别研究对重新思考迄今被接受的定义以及创造这种有洞察力的概念非常有帮助，我希望这将为莎士比亚及其继任者的酷儿品质提供一些尖锐的启示。日本现代剧是莎士比亚、十八、十九剧热衷引进的文化产物。文化差异出人意料地发挥了作用，英剧原著中隐含的同性恋元素在日语翻译版本中被突出了。相比之下，英国现代剧中的异性恋和强制性异性恋在日语版本中变得弱化和不那么明显。这些意想不到的结果似乎对近代日本文学文化产生了巨大的影响。

The purposes of this project are : (1) to establish new definitions of homosexual dramas in general, (2)to reconsider British homosexual dramas through these renewed definitions and theoretical insights, and (3) to investigate cultural interactions between British Homosexual Dramas and Japanese Modern Culture whose Meiji Period witnessed enthusiastic transportation of European, especially British, cultural products, among which British modern dramas were, as is now assumed, hugely influential to making of the modern Japanese theatrical culture. The starting point is the Bard. Shakespearean dramas, the recent studies have revealed, are totally and undoubtedly queer. His queerness apparently influenced the later dramatists Bardolatory contributed to the making of Shakespeare as a national poet and in this process his queerness were transmitted in politically unconscious ways. To explore this kind of cultural transmission needs drastic renewal of definitions of homosexual and queer dramas and recent queer theories and gender studies are quite helpful to reconsideration of the hitherto accepted definitions as well as to creation of that insightful concept which, I hope, will shed some sharp light to the queer quality of Shakespeare and his successors. Japanese Modern Dramas are cultural products of the enthusiastic imports of Shakespeare, 18th and 19th Dramas. Cultural differences functioned unexpectedly productive ways queer elements implicit in the original British Dramas were foregrounded in Japanese translated versions in contrast, heterosexism as well as compulsory heterosexuality in British Modern Dramas became weakened and less conspicuous in their Japanese versions. These unexpected results seem to have exercised great influence to Japanese literary cultures in modern times.