Reconsideration of text typology concerning text genre in terms of applied linguistics

在这个项目中进行了两项主要研究。第一项研究利用语料库中的信息，探讨了可能与人们对书面语篇难度判断有关的语言因素。在英国国家语料库的描述性功能之一，感知难度（Wrilev），用于此目的。BNC中的所有书面文本被分为低，中，高Wrilev子类别的人谁收集的文本BNC根据他们的判断文本难度。这一特征从三个方面进行了分析：（1）Wrilev与其他两个描述性特征的分布，（2）单词和句子的平均长度，（3）Hayashi的量化方法类型III。结果表明：（a）文本难度判断具有一定的系统性，这表明文本难度判断具有一定的可靠性;（B）词长与文本难度判断不相关;（c）句子长度与文本信息量判断相关;（d）主题特异性与文本难度判断不存在系统性关系。这些结果表明，句法复杂性和人们的背景知识与语篇难度感知有一定的关系。其次，在本研究中，以语类分类为研究对象，从语言学的角度对多元分析所揭示的维度进行解释。与此相反，语域变异将明确确定处理一个社会语言学变量，这是相当系统地与“类”在BNC。因此，本文的另一个目的是澄清语类和语域的区别。基于这个原因，开始，我将建立文本类型，体裁和语域等术语的定义。实际上，这些术语都以或多或少相似的方式用于识别同质的文本组，因此在明确论文的设计之前，有必要理解这些重叠的项目。

There were two main studies carried out in this project. The first study investigated linguistic factors that may be related to people's judgement of written text difficulty by utilizing information from a corpus. One of the descriptive features in the British National Corpus, perceived level of difficulty (Wrilev), was used for this purpose. All written texts in the BNC are categorized into Low, Medium, and High subcategories of Wrilev by people who collected texts for the BNC according to their judgements about text difficulty. This feature was analysed in three respects: (l) distribution of Wrilev in relation to two other descriptive features, (2) average length of words and sentences, (3) Hayashi's quantification method type III. The following points appeared:(a) Judgements of text difficulty revealed some kind of systematicity, which could be seen to suggest reliability, (b) Word length was not related to judgements, (c) Sentence length was related to judgements concerning informative texts, (d) Topic specificity did not have a systematic relationship with judgements. These results suggested that syntactic complexity and people's background knowledge have relationships with perception of text difficulty.Secondly, in this project, focusing on genre categories in the BNC, the dimensions revealed by the multivariate analysis will be interpreted linguistically. In contrast, register variation will be explicitly identified by dealing with a sociolinguistic variable which is fairly systematically associated with 'class' in the BNC. Therefore, another aim of the paper is to clarify the difference between genre and register. For that reason, to begin with, I will establish the definition of terms such as text types, genre and register. Actually these terms are all used, in more or less similar ways, to identify homogeneous groups of texts, so an understanding of these overlapping items is necessary before the design of the paper can be made explicit.