A Study of the Pol Pot Trial in Cambodia : How should the offenders of Large Scale Maggacres be tried under International Law?

这个研究项目的目的是审查国际法关于起诉和惩罚波尔布特政权领导人的问题，这些领导人对柬埔寨170多万人的种族灭绝负有责任。此次调查的重点是分析联合国和柬埔寨政府将于去年（2003年）达成协议的设立特别法庭的漫长协商过程。本报告由以下五章组成。第一章考察了红色高棉政权下种族灭绝是如何发生的以及为什么发生的。第二章对1979年8月受越南影响的政府对波尔布特罪行的人民审判工作进行了负面评价，并回顾了80年代两国政府的对抗时期。第三章评价《巴黎和平协定》的现状和联柬权力机构下维持和平行动的进程。第四章论述了联合国与柬埔寨政府在柬埔寨国内法律秩序框架内建立混合法庭的谈判过程。这不是我们在前南斯拉夫或卢旺达案件中看到的那种国际法庭，而是一个由柬埔寨和国际法官、检察官和调查法官组成的混合法庭。在第五章中，作者不仅从普遍执行国际刑法的角度，而且从为柬埔寨人民寻求重建正义的角度，试图指出审判的重要性，柬埔寨人民的朋友、家人和亲属都是这一严重人类悲剧的受害者。然而，这个法庭未来的成功还不能保证。有许多困难需要克服。

The purpose of this research project is to examine the problems under international law concerning the prosecution and punishment of the leaders of Pol Pot regime who have the responsibilities for the genocide over 1.7 million people in Cambodia. The research is centered on the analysis of the long process of negotiations leading to the establishment of the hyper tribunal, which will be agreed upon between the United Nations and the Cambodian government in the last year, 2003.This report is consists of the following five chapters. The first chapter examines how and why the genocide occurred under the Khmer Rouge government. In the second chapter the author makes a negative assessment for the works of the people's trial against Pol Pot's crime under the Vietnamese influenced government in August 1979, and look back the period of confrontation between the two governments in the 1980's. The third chapter evaluates the status of the Paris peace agreement and the process of peace keeping operations under the UNTAC. The chapter four deals with the process of negotiations between the UN and Cambodian government concerning the establishment of the hybrid tribunal within the framework of the Cambodian domestic legal order. This is not the type of international tribunal as we see in the cases of the Former Yugoslavia or Rwanda, but is a mixed court that is composed of Cambodian and international judges, prosecutors and investigation judges. The chapter fiveThe author tries to point out the importance of the trial not only from the standpoint of the universal enforcement of international criminal law, but also for pursuing the reconstructive justice for the sake of the Cambodian people whose friends, families and relatives were the victims of this grave human tragedy. However the future success of this tribunal is not assured yet. There are lots of difficulties to be overcome.