A Study on Stable Production and Distribution System of Soybean and Wheat

本研究旨在构建因产量波动和产品质量不合格而面临供需缺口的大豆、小麦稳产配送体系。特别是水田生产的大豆、小麦产量不稳定，产量低。当我们考虑到由于减少NEE的消耗而从稻田获得负担得起的土地时，大豆和小麦生产以满足食品加工者的需求在资源利用上是必要的和有效的。建立稻田、大豆和小麦的农场管理的政策已经被政府实施。其措施是安排多用途种植制度的基础设施，大豆和小麦机械化和轮作田块分组。虽然这些措施对大豆和小麦的增产肯定是有效的，并有助于提高生产率，但质量改进…他们的产品还需要做更多的改进。一些先进的案例表明，大豆采收后的干燥、挑选和储藏系统是有效的销售。大豆招标制度确定的价格从四年前开始正式公布。因此，投标成交量大幅下降。公布价格有一个矛盾之处。这样，交易者可以节省寻找市场价格的成本，并可以通过另一种方式进行大豆交易，即谈判交易。但是，招标交易量的减少阻碍了招标市场价格的合理形成。招标交易的改善对买卖双方都是有益的。此外，合同交易将是对其他交易的补充，因为它具有分担风险的功能。日本面粉制造商注意到，用于面包的小麦而不是用于面条的小麦与进口小麦相比品质较差，适合用于面包的小麦是在春季种植的。但是，这种小麦的单位面积收获量低于秋播小麦。近年来，春播小麦出现了新的栽培方式。它是在初冬种植这种类型的小麦。这种种植正在北海道推广，因为这种小麦的价格高于其他品种的小麦。由于与生产者、面粉制造商和消费者合作，这种种植是一种尝试。这样的合作将有效地消除生产者的意愿与面粉制造商或消费者的需求之间的差距。较少

The purpose of this research is to construct the system of stable production and distribution on soybean and wheat which are facing gap between demand and supply because of fluctuation of production and improper quality of the products. Specially, production of soybean and wheat which is producing in paddy field is unstable and low productivity. When we consider affordable land coming from paddy field because of decreasing consumption of nee, Soybean and wheat production in the field to meet need of food processors are necessary and effective on resource use.Policy for establishment of farm management planting paddy, soybean and wheat has already been implemented by the government. Its measures are the arrangement of infrastructure for multi-purpose cropping system, mechanization for soybean and wheat and grouping of field for crop rotation. Though these are certainly effective for enlargement of soybean and wheat production and contribute improvement of productivity, the quality impro … More vement of their products has to be further done. Some advancing cases show us that drying, selecting and storage system of soybean after harvesting is effective for selling.The prices determined in the soybean tender system were formally announced from four years ago. As a result, tender transaction decreased dramatically. The announcement of the prices has a contradiction. By doing so, traders can economize the search cost for market prices and they can transact soybean by another ways, namely negotiated transaction. But, decrease of tender transaction prevents the proper price formation in the tender market. Improvement of tender transaction is useful for both buyers and sellers. In addition, contractual transaction would be compliment to other trades because it has a function for risk sharing.Wheat for bread instead of wheat for noodle which has lower quality compared with imported wheat is noticed by flour makers In Japan, wheat suitable for bread is planted in spring. But, this wheat has lower quantity of harvest per area than that of autumn planting wheat. Recently, new cultivation for the spring planting wheat was developed. It is to plant this type of wheat in early winter. This cultivation is extending in Hokkaido because the price of the wheat is higher than other varieties of wheat. This cultivation is a trial due to corporation with producers, flour makers and consumers. Such corporation would be effective to dissolve the gap between intention of producers and need of flour makers or consumers. Less