权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Dynamic Process of Upland Farming : Data File Composition and Analysis in 1965-1995

旱地农业的动态过程:1965-1995年数据文件的构成与分析

基本信息

批准号：
07660281
负责人：
ITO Shigeru
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this paper is to reexamine the adjustment process of upland farming in the large scale farming area. The adjustment process of upland farming would be composed of the two types : stock adjustment and flow adjustment. The stock adjustment means that the production factors are adjusted through selling and buying markets, while the flow adjustment through rental markets. The actual agricultural adjustment is the mutual and complimentary process of the two types of adjustment. To examine this hypothesis, the data files on the management structure and yield of upland crops of each farm household in these 35years were compiled. The results are as follows.In the period of high economic growth, the stock adjustment of farmland had actively been done due to the supply of farmland by the farmers who flew out of farming sectors. However, such adjustment in the former part of the period was supported by the flow adjustment of hired labor and cooperative use of agricultural machines, in the later period, by the stock adjustment of the agricultural machines. the farmers who had the favorable conditions on factor endowment and high labor productivity positively enlarged their farm scale in those process. In the period of low economic growth, the rental market of farmland and the individual possession of the agricultural machines developed instead of the stock adjustment of farmland which turned to be stagnant market.Recently, planting vegetables has been diffusing remarkably not only in the small scale farm but also in the middle and large farm while the distribution of farm size has been widening in a higher pace. At the same time, cultivation technology of upland crops is also differentiating. The complimentary relationship between stock and flow adjustment in the new situation has to be required to utilize sufficient agricultural machines and short labor more efficiently.

本文旨在重新审视规模农区高地农业的调整过程。高地农业的调整过程可分为存量调整和流量调整两种类型。存量调节是指生产要素通过买卖市场进行调节，而流量调节则是通过租赁市场进行调节。实际的农业调整是两种调整相互补充的过程。为了验证这一假设，我们整理了35年来每个农户的经营结构和高地作物产量的数据文件。研究结果表明：在经济高速增长时期，由于农民从农业部门中流出，提供了大量的耕地，使得耕地存量调整积极进行。但这种调整在前一时期是由雇佣劳动的流动调整和农业机械的合作使用来支持的，在后一时期则是由农业机械的存量调整来支持的。在这一过程中，具有要素禀赋和较高劳动生产率条件的农户积极扩大规模经营。在经济低增长时期，农地租赁市场和农业机械个人拥有市场的发展取代了农地存量调整市场的停滞，蔬菜种植不仅在小型农场中扩散，而且在大中型农场中扩散，农场规模分布也在以更快的速度扩大。与此同时，高地作物的栽培技术也在分化。在新形势下，要更有效地利用充足的农业机械和短缺的劳动力，就必须要求保持存量调节与流量调节的互补关系。