Comparative Studies of Medicinal Herbs listed in Pharmacopoeia in the East Asia

1)目的：中医药在日本、韩国等东亚地区广泛传播，至今仍在使用。但是，有些草药已经改变了它们的名称，它们的起源，和/或临床目的，和/或被另一种起源所取代，因为每个国家的气候，社会特征，文化，疾病种类和人类学因素不同。这些国家之间的草药问题背后有着复杂的情况。本课题旨在通过对各国官方典籍中药材名称的整理，找出其官方典籍的出处，以协调各国官方典籍中药材名称的复杂情况。2）方法：对各国官方典籍中的药材建立数据库，进行系统研究;日本药典第14次修订版和日本草药法典（190种草药），中华人民共和国药典（504 h ...更多信息 erbs）和The Korea Pharmacopoeia（136草药）。结果：通过对中草药名称的比较，将引起民族间差异的因素归纳为以下几类：（1）中草药名称的来源;（2）中草药名称的来源;（A-1）相同/相似名称，相同来源，（A-2）相同名称，不同来源，（A-3）不同名称，相同来源，（A-4）不同名称但用法相同，不同来源，（A-5）复杂命名法，（A-6）其他。此外，在部分（整个身体、果实、叶、皮、根等）上存在一些差异，以及它们的加工（干燥、蒸汽干燥等）。A-5类有24组。4）结论：应通过以上分类的组合来把握当前的状况。这种混乱可能会阻碍包括汉方在内的传统中医药的评估进展。为了实现我们的目标，促进研究人员之间的相互交流，更好地理解，标准化和/或统一的术语是必要的。少

1) Object: Traditional Chinese Medicine has been spread widely in East Asia region such as Japan and Korea, and still used there at present. But some of herbal medicines have been changed in their names, their origins, and/or clinical purposes, and/or replaced with another origin by different conditions in each country as its climate, social traits, culture, kind of diseases, and anthropological factors. And there are complicated circumstances behind the matter of herbal medicines among these nations. This project was designed to specify names of medicinal herbs of each country based on its official book and to find out what the original of its official book was, and intend to harmonize the complicated circumstances.2) Methods: In order to investigate this matter systematically, a database was built for the herbal medicines listed in the official books ; Japan Pharmacopoeia 14th revision and Japan Herbal Medicine Codex (190 herbs), Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (504 h … More erbs), and The Korea Pharmacopoeia (136 herbs). The data were compared and analyzed on the names, Chinese characters, the origins, the parts used as medicine, and their processing.3) Results: Comparing terms of medicinal herbs, we classified the factors which brought the differences among nations into several categories as follows ; (A-l) Same/similar name, same origin, (A-2) Same name, different origin, (A-3) Different name, same origin, (A-4) Different name but the usage is same, different origin, (A-5) complicated nomenclature, and (A-6) others. Additionally, there were some differences in the portions (the whole bodies, fruits, leaves, skins, roots, etc.), and their processing (dried, steam dried, etc.). Category A-5 has 24 groups.4) Conclusion: The current condition should be grasped through the combination of the categories as above. Such confusion may prevent progress in the evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine including Kampo medicine. In order to achieve our goal, to promote intercommunication for better understanding among researchers, standardization and/or harmonization of terminology is required. Less