How can we best prepare schizophrenic in-patients for community living in Japan?

目的：分析病房护理的范围和时机，以帮助精神分裂症患者出院回到社区。研究对象和方法：1.访谈36名护士，了解38例精神分裂症患者(DSM-IV)的护理特点。他们被要求回忆他们提供了什么样的护理，有一个特定的目的，就是让患者为社区生活做好准备。对访谈进行了定性分析。病房护理被分为10个领域，在我们的初步研究中被认为是重要的。记录每一项护理项目的推出时间。我们收到了受试者的书面同意，同意参与我们的研究。结果：每个领域下的护理项目数量如下所示。介绍最频繁的一周也显示了开始护理的时间范围。域1(…更多的1)；讨论如何度过出院后的最佳时间(83项，1-13周，第4周)，D2；改善应对对他们来说重要的问题(22项，1-13周，第10周)，D3；提高服药依从性(48项，1-10周，1^&>周)，D4；改善对精神症状的管理(27项，1-12周，第4周)，D5；了解症状(6项，18周)，D6；改善人际关系(23项，1-13周)，D7；改善家庭关系(49项，1-13周，4周)，D8；激励他们继续门诊治疗(13项，3-10周，4周)，D9；讨论周末在医院外度过时间的方式(45项，2-11周，3^&lt；RD&>周)，D10；改善他们从其他职业获得帮助的方式(29项，1-13周，4周)。讨论：在为患者准备社区生活的背景下，给予了许多项护理。有些项目开始得很早(第一周)。这项研究的受试者有相当好的短期预后，这可能与这些受试者的一些护理很早就开始有关。较少

Objective:The purpose of this study is to analyze the domains and timing of nursing care on wards, which may help schizophrenic patients are discharged back into their communities.Subjects and Methods:1.The subjects of this study consisted of 36 nurses who were interviewed by the authors as regards the characteristics of nursing care of 38 schizophrenic patients (DSM-IV). They were asked to recall what kind of care they gave with a specific purpose of preparing patients for community living. The interview was qualitatively analyzed. Nursing care on the ward was categorized into 10 domains which were suggested to be important in our preliminary study. The timing of introduction of each item of care was recorded. We received informed consents in writing from the subjects for the participation into our research.Results:The numbers of items of care under each domain are shown below. The range of timing of the start of care is also shown with the most frequent week of introduction.Domain 1( … More D1); Discussing the best way to spend time after discharge (83 items, 1-13 weeks,4^<th> week), D2; Improving coping with the problems, which are important for them (22 items,1-13 weeks,10^<th> week), D3; Improving drug compliance (48 items,1-10 weeks,1^<st->2^<nd> week), D4; Improving management of psychiatric symptoms (27 items,1-12 weeks,4^<th> week), D5; Understanding symptoms (6 items,18 weeks), D6; Improving Interpersonal relationships (23 items,1-13 weeks,2^<nd> week), D7; Improving family relationships (49 items,1-13 weeks,4^<th> week), D8; Motivating them for the continuation of outpatient treatment (13 items,3-10 weeks,4^<th> week), D9; Discussing the way to spend time outside hospital on weekends (45 items,2-11 weeks,3^<rd> week), D10; Improving the way they receive help from other professions (29 items,1-13 weeks,4^<th> week).Discussion:Many items of care were given in the context of preparing patients for community living. Some items started very early (1st week). The subjects of this study have a fairly good short-term prognosis and this may relate to the fact that some of the nursing care started early for these subjects. Less