A Study of Web Accessibility for the Hearing Impaired People and Visual Impaired People -In order to Build Web Design Guidelines

W3C建议只为听力受损的人“提供听觉和视觉内容的等效替代品”。这是因为人们认为，非受损和听力受损的人在使用Web内容（除了声音）方面没有区别。我们认为，瞬时识别能力和图像敏感度是不同的，健全和听力受损的人之间。我们认为，了解听障者的操作特点是非常重要的。我们进行了实验，并考虑了不同的网页设计如何影响不同残疾人的WEB可访问性。我们记录了每个页面上的操作流程和停留时间，以及眼动跟踪和鼠标移动。然后，我们分析了每个测试对象和每个网站的操作倾向。在这个实验中，我们发现了听力正常的人和听力受损的人之间的一些差异。我们可以通过视频记录来具体地展示和对比手术倾向的差异。被试对文字和图片信息的反应存在差异。我们认为，两种用户类型存在于视觉信息处理的Web操作。一个操作依赖于文本信息，另一个操作依赖于图片信息。基于此案例研究，我们形成了假设性的听力障碍者网页无障碍指南。本研究为个案研究，但有可能为听障人士制定网页无障碍指引。这项研究表明，网页设计和无障碍的听力障碍需要特定的元素，可能不包括在当前的概念，网页的可访问性。

W3C suggests only to "Provide equivalent alternatives to auditory and visual content" for hearing-impaired people. This is because it is thought that non-impaired and hearing-impaired people do not have a difference in the use (except for sounds) of WEB contents. We think that momentary recognition power and image sensitivity are different, between non impaired and hearing-impaired people. We think it important to investigate the hearing-impaired person's operation characteristics. We performed experiments and considered how different web designs effected WEB accessibility of people with different disabilities. We recorded the operation flow and the length of stay on each page as well as eye tracking and mouse movement. We then analyzed the operation tendencies of each testee and each website. We found some differences between non-impaired and hearing-impaired people in this experiment. We can show and contrast the differences of operation tendencies concretely by video records. There were differences in reaction to text and picture information. We have considered that two user types exist in vision information processing of Web operation. One operation depended on text information and the other operation depended on picture information. We formed hypothetic Web Accessibility Guidelines for Hearing-Impaired People based on this case study. This research is a case study, but it has the possibility to make Web Accessibility guidelines for the Hearing Impaired. This research to show the Web design and accessibility for the hearing impaired requires specific elements that may not be included in current concepts of Web accessibility.